Center for Anxiety and RelatedDisorders, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Personal Disord. 2012 Oct;3(4):433-41. doi: 10.1037/a0025465. Epub 2011 Oct 10.
The current study investigated the short-term effects of mindful and ruminative forms of self-focused attention on a behavioral measure of distress tolerance in individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who had completed an angry mood induction. Participants included 40 individuals who met criteria for BPD and were currently involved in mental health treatment. Each completed an individual 1-hr session. Following an angry mood induction, each participant was randomly assigned to engage in ruminative or mindful self-focus for several minutes. All participants then completed the computerized Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT-C), a behavioral measure of willingness to tolerate distress in the service of goal-directed behavior. The mindfulness group persisted significantly longer than the rumination group on the distress tolerance task and reported significantly lower levels of anger following the self-focus period. Results are consistent with previous studies in suggesting that distinct forms of self-focused attention have distinct outcomes and that, for people with BPD, mindful self-observation is an adaptive alternative to rumination when feeling angry.
当前研究调查了在经历愤怒情绪诱发后，专注于自我的正念和沉思两种形式对边缘型人格障碍（BPD）个体的痛苦耐受力的一种行为测量的短期影响。参与者包括 40 名符合 BPD 标准且正在接受心理健康治疗的个体。他们每人都完成了 1 小时的个体治疗。在进行愤怒情绪诱发后，每位参与者都被随机分配到沉思或正念自我关注几分钟。之后，所有参与者都完成了计算机化的连续听觉加工任务（PASAT-C），这是一种衡量为了目标导向行为而忍受痛苦的意愿的行为测量。在痛苦耐受力任务中，正念组比沉思组坚持的时间明显更长，并且在自我关注阶段后报告的愤怒情绪明显更低。结果与之前的研究一致，表明不同形式的自我关注具有不同的结果，对于 BPD 患者来说，当感到愤怒时，正念自我观察是沉思的一种适应性替代。
