Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Jul;120(7):1036-41. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1104370. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
Animal studies suggest that some perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), including perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) may impair thyroid function. Epidemiological findings, mostly related to adults, are inconsistent.
We investigated whether concentrations of PFAAs were associated with thyroid function among 10,725 children (1-17 years of age) living near a Teflon manufacturing facility in the Mid-Ohio Valley (USA).
Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (TT4), and PFAAs were measured during 2005-2006, and information on diagnosed thyroid disease was collected by questionnaire. Modeled in utero PFOA concentrations were based on historical information on PFOA releases, environmental distribution, pharmacokinetic modeling, and residential histories. We performed multivariate regression analyses.
Median concentrations of modeled in utero PFOA and measured serum PFOA, PFOS, and PFNA were 12, 29, 20, and 1.5 ng/mL, respectively. The odds ratio for hypothyroidism (n = 39) was 1.54 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 2.37] for an interquartile range (IQR) contrast of 13 to 68 ng/mL in serum PFOA measured in 2005-2006. However, an IQR shift in serum PFOA was not associated with TSH or TT4 levels in all children combined. IQR shifts in serum PFOS (15 to 28 ng/mL) and serum PFNA (1.2 to 2.0 ng/mL) were both associated with a 1.1% increase in TT4 in children 1-17 years old (95% CIs: 0.6, 1.5 and 0.7, 1.5 respectively).
This is the first large-scale report in children suggesting associations of serum PFOS and PFNA with thyroid hormone levels and of serum PFOA and hypothyroidism.
动物研究表明，某些全氟烷基酸（PFAAs），包括 全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟壬酸（PFNA），可能会损害甲状腺功能。大多数与成年人相关的流行病学研究结果并不一致。
我们调查了生活在美国俄亥俄山谷特氟龙制造设施附近的 10725 名（1-17 岁）儿童的 PFAAs 浓度是否与甲状腺功能有关。
在 2005-2006 年期间测量了甲状腺刺激激素（TSH）、总甲状腺素（TT4）和 PFAAs 的血清水平，并通过问卷调查收集了甲状腺疾病的诊断信息。基于历史上的 PFOA 排放、环境分布、药代动力学模型和居住史，对模型化的宫内 PFOA 浓度进行了建模。我们进行了多变量回归分析。
模型化的宫内 PFOA 和测量的血清 PFOA、PFOS 和 PFNA 的中位数浓度分别为 12、29、20 和 1.5ng/mL。与 2005-2006 年测量的血清 PFOA 的第 25-75 百分位数（IQR）范围为 13-68ng/mL 的 IQR 差值相比，甲状腺功能减退症（n=39）的比值比为 1.54（95%置信区间[CI]：1.00，2.37）。然而，在所有儿童中，血清 PFOA 的 IQR 变化与 TSH 或 TT4 水平均无关。血清 PFOS（15-28ng/mL）和血清 PFNA（1.2-2.0ng/mL）的 IQR 变化均与 1-17 岁儿童 TT4 水平增加 1.1%有关（95%CI：0.6，1.5 和 0.7，1.5）。
这是第一项在儿童中表明血清 PFOS 和 PFNA 与甲状腺激素水平以及血清 PFOA 与甲状腺功能减退症之间存在关联的大规模报告。
