Department of Neurobiology, Center for Glial Biology in Medicine, Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanotechnology Laboratories, Civitan International Research Center, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
ASN Neuro. 2012 May 1;4(4):201-5. doi: 10.1042/AN20120019.
Ever since Rudolf Virchow in 1858 publicly announced his apprehension of neuroglia being a true connective substance, this concept has been evolving to encompass a heterogeneous population of cells with various forms and functions. We briefly compare the 19th-20th century perspectives on neuroglia with the up-to-date view of these cells as an integral, and possibly integrating, component of brain metabolism and signalling in heath and disease. We conclude that the unifying property of otherwise diverse functions of various neuroglial cell sub-types is to maintain brain homoeostasis at different levels, from whole organ to molecular.
自 1858 年鲁道夫·菲尔绍（Rudolf Virchow）公开宣布他对神经胶质是一种真正的结缔物质的担忧以来，这个概念一直在发展，涵盖了具有各种形式和功能的异质细胞群体。我们简要比较了 19 世纪至 20 世纪对神经胶质的看法，以及目前对这些细胞作为健康和疾病中大脑代谢和信号传递的一个完整的、可能整合的组成部分的观点。我们得出的结论是，各种神经胶质细胞亚型的不同功能的统一特性是在不同水平上维持大脑的内稳态，从整个器官到分子水平。
