Spaite D W, Meislin H W, Valenzuela T D, Criss E A, Smith R, Nelson A
Section of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson.
J Am Coll Health. 1990 Nov;39(3):125-8. doi: 10.1080/07448481.1990.9936223.
To evaluate the effect of banning alcohol on the incidence of injuries and illness among spectators, we reviewed 4 years (1983 to 1986) of medical incident reports from a major collegiate football stadium. At no time had alcoholic beverages been sold inside the stadium, but before 1985, fans were allowed to bring alcohol into the stadium. In 1985, this practice was banned. During the study period, 340 medical incidents (M = 12.6/game) were reported. Several alterations of specific injury/illness patterns were noted after initiation of the ban: heat-related illness occurred more frequently before initiation of the ban, whereas extremity injuries and syncope (fainting from coronary insufficiency) occurred with greater frequency afterwards. The injury/illness rates per 10,000 fans were 2.95 in 1983, 2.45 in 1984, 1.92 in 1985, and 3.48 in 1986. There was no significant change in the overall incident rate after the ban. Evaluation of medical incidents revealed an alteration in specific injury/illness patterns but no change in overall incidence after institution of the ban. Future investigations are needed to elucidate more clearly the impact of banning alcohol on injury/illness rates and patterns at mass gatherings.
为评估禁止饮酒对观众受伤和患病发生率的影响，我们回顾了某大型大学橄榄球场4年（1983年至1986年）的医疗事件报告。体育场内从未售卖过酒精饮料，但在1985年之前，球迷可以携带酒精饮料入场。1985年，这一做法被禁止。在研究期间，共报告了340起医疗事件（平均每场12.6起）。禁令实施后，特定损伤/疾病模式出现了一些变化：与热相关的疾病在禁令实施前更频繁发生，而肢体损伤和晕厥（因冠状动脉供血不足导致的昏厥）在禁令实施后更频繁发生。每10000名球迷的受伤/患病发生率在1983年为2.95，1984年为2.45，1985年为1.92，1986年为3.48。禁令实施后，总体事件发生率没有显著变化。对医疗事件的评估显示，特定损伤/疾病模式发生了改变，但禁令实施后总体发生率没有变化。未来需要进行更多调查，以更清楚地阐明禁止饮酒对大型集会中受伤/患病发生率及模式的影响。
