Section of Oral Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Conn. 06030-1605, USA.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2012 Apr;143(4):370-6. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2012.0179.
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a painful condition of unknown etiology, affecting more than 2.5 billion people worldwide. Vitamin deficiencies have been implicated as a possible cause.
The authors conducted a single-center, randomized, parallel-arm, double-masked, placebo-controlled study to examine the effect of daily multivitamin supplementation on the number and duration of RAS episodes. The authors randomly assigned 160 adults who had a validated history of at least three episodes of idiopathic minor RAS within the previous 12 months to one of two groups: the first group (n = 83) received a once-daily multivitamin containing 100 percent of the U.S. reference daily intake (RDI) of essential vitamins, and the second group (n = 77) received once-daily placebo for up to 365 days.
The results showed no significant difference in the mean number of new RAS episodes between the multivitamin (4.19 episodes) and placebo (4.60 episodes) arms during the study period (P = .69). The mean duration of new RAS episodes also was similar for the multivitamin (8.66 days) and placebo (8.99 days) arms (P = .60). Furthermore, the authors found no differences between the two arms with regard to mouth pain, normalcy of diet or compliance with the study medication regimen.
Daily multivitamin supplementation, with the RDI of essential vitamins, did not result in a reduction in the number or duration of RAS episodes.
Clinicians should not recommend multi-vitamin supplementation routinely as prophylaxis for RAS.
复发性阿弗他口炎（RAS）是一种病因不明的疼痛性疾病，影响全球超过 25 亿人。维生素缺乏被认为是可能的原因之一。
作者进行了一项单中心、随机、平行臂、双盲、安慰剂对照研究，以检验每日补充多种维生素对 RAS 发作次数和持续时间的影响。作者将 160 名在过去 12 个月内有至少 3 次经证实的特发性轻度 RAS 病史的成年人随机分为两组：第一组（n = 83）每天服用一次含有美国参考每日摄入量（RDI）100%必需维生素的复合维生素，第二组（n = 77）每天服用一次安慰剂，持续 365 天。
结果显示，在研究期间，复合维生素组（4.19 次）与安慰剂组（4.60 次）之间新 RAS 发作的平均次数无显著差异（P =.69）。新 RAS 发作的平均持续时间也相似，复合维生素组（8.66 天）和安慰剂组（8.99 天）（P =.60）。此外，作者还发现两组在口腔疼痛、饮食正常或遵守研究药物治疗方案方面均无差异。
每日补充复合维生素，以满足必需维生素的 RDI，并未导致 RAS 发作次数或持续时间减少。
临床医生不应常规推荐多种维生素补充剂作为 RAS 的预防措施。
