Saha Sibu P, Whayne Thomas F, Mukherjee Debabrata
Gill Heart Institute and the Divisions of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Int J Angiol. 2010 Spring;19(1):e21-4. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1278367.
Stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality, and a major cause of stroke is carotid artery stenosis. This stenosis is caused by carotid atherosclerotic plaques, the prevention and management of which are the key to avoiding many resultant strokes. The plaque can either embolize to a cerebral artery or build up in a carotid artery, ultimately resulting in thrombosis and total occlusion. Noninvasive testing can now make the diagnosis of carotid stenosis. Medical management with plaque stabilization and platelet inhibition plays a key role in stroke prevention. Carotid endarterectomy and invasive carotid angioplasty stenting are also important for lesions with extensive progression, and patients with a very high overall risk may especially benefit from the latter procedure. A medical-surgical team approach is now greatly contributing to the avoidance of stroke and its devastation.
中风是导致残疾和死亡的主要原因，而颈动脉狭窄是中风的主要病因之一。这种狭窄是由颈动脉粥样硬化斑块引起的，对其进行预防和管理是避免许多中风后遗症的关键。斑块可能会栓塞到脑动脉或在颈动脉中形成，最终导致血栓形成和完全闭塞。现在，非侵入性检测可以诊断颈动脉狭窄。通过稳定斑块和抑制血小板进行药物治疗在预防中风中起着关键作用。颈动脉内膜切除术和侵入性颈动脉血管成形术支架置入术对于病变广泛进展的情况也很重要，总体风险非常高的患者可能尤其受益于后一种手术。目前，医疗 - 外科团队协作方法在很大程度上有助于避免中风及其带来的严重后果。
