Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Development. 2012 May;139(9):1535-46. doi: 10.1242/dev.069963.
The cerebral neocortex is segregated into six horizontal layers, each containing unique populations of molecularly and functionally distinct excitatory projection (pyramidal) neurons and inhibitory interneurons. Development of the neocortex requires the orchestrated execution of a series of crucial processes, including the migration of young neurons into appropriate positions within the nascent neocortex, and the acquisition of layer-specific neuronal identities and axonal projections. Here, we discuss emerging evidence supporting the notion that the migration and final laminar positioning of cortical neurons are also co-regulated by cell type- and layer-specific transcription factors that play concomitant roles in determining the molecular identity and axonal connectivity of these neurons. These transcriptional programs thus provide direct links between the mechanisms controlling the laminar position and identity of cortical neurons.
大脑新皮层分为 6 个水平层，每个层都包含独特的分子和功能上不同的兴奋性投射（锥体细胞）神经元和抑制性中间神经元群体。新皮层的发育需要协调执行一系列关键过程，包括年轻神经元迁移到初生新皮层中的适当位置，以及获得层特异性神经元身份和轴突投射。在这里，我们讨论了支持以下观点的新证据，即皮质神经元的迁移和最终层状定位也受到细胞类型特异性和层特异性转录因子的共同调节，这些转录因子在确定这些神经元的分子身份和轴突连接方面发挥着伴随作用。这些转录程序因此在控制皮质神经元的层状位置和身份的机制之间提供了直接联系。
