Department of Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Laboratorio di Nutrizione Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;95(5):1089-95. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.031088. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Oxidative and inflammatory stresses are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with improved health and reduced cardiovascular risk. Red oranges have a high content of antioxidant and antiinflammatory substances, but there is a paucity of data concerning their effects on cardiovascular biomarkers in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk.
We investigated the effect of red orange juice intake on endothelial function, oxidative stress, and markers of inflammation in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk.
Nineteen nondiabetic subjects with increased cardiovascular risk (aged 27-56 y) were included in a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind crossover study and compared with 12 healthy, nonobese control subjects. In 2 periods of 7 d each with a 3-d interval, each participant alternatively received 500 mL red orange juice/d and 500 mL placebo/d in a random sequence. All measurements were performed in the morning after overnight fasting.
Endothelial function, which was measured as flow-mediated dilation, significantly improved and was normalized (5.7% compared with 7.9%; P < 0.005) after 1 wk of red orange juice consumption. Similarly, concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6, and TNF-α significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Red orange juice had no significant effect on nitric oxide plasma concentrations.
A 7-d consumption of red orange juice ameliorates endothelial function and reduces inflammation in nondiabetic subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. This trial was registered at biomedcentral.com as ISRCTN39987296.
氧化应激和炎症应激与动脉粥样硬化的发病机制有关。水果和蔬菜的摄入与健康状况的改善和心血管风险的降低有关。红橙含有丰富的抗氧化和抗炎物质，但关于其对心血管风险增加的受试者心血管生物标志物的影响的数据很少。
我们研究了红橙汁摄入对心血管风险增加的受试者内皮功能、氧化应激和炎症标志物的影响。
19 名非糖尿病心血管风险增加的受试者（年龄 27-56 岁）被纳入一项随机、安慰剂对照、单盲交叉研究，并与 12 名健康、非肥胖的对照受试者进行比较。在 3 天的间隔内，每个参与者在 7 天的两个周期中，分别以随机顺序接受 500 毫升红橙汁/天和 500 毫升安慰剂/天。所有测量均在夜间禁食后早上进行。
内皮功能，以血流介导的扩张来衡量，在饮用红橙汁 1 周后显著改善并正常化（5.7%比 7.9%；P < 0.005）。同样，高敏 C 反应蛋白、IL-6 和 TNF-α的浓度也显著降低（P < 0.001）。红橙汁对血浆一氧化氮浓度没有显著影响。
7 天饮用红橙汁可改善非糖尿病心血管风险增加受试者的内皮功能并减轻炎症。这项试验在 biomedcentral.com 上注册为 ISRCTN39987296。
