International Epidemiology Institute, 1455 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2012 Jul;21(4):375-86. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0b013e3283529b64.
Conjectured associations between dietary acrylamide intake and cancer have been evaluated in more than 15 epidemiologic studies examining almost every major cancer site. We have critically reviewed the epidemiologic studies of estimated dietary acrylamide exposure and cancer. As substantially greater acrylamide exposure occurs through tobacco smoke than dietary exposure, we present the results separately for never smokers or adjusted statistically for smoking status, where possible. After an extensive examination of the published literature, we found no consistent or credible evidence that dietary acrylamide increases the risk of any type of cancer in humans, either overall or among nonsmokers. In particular, the collective evidence suggests that a high level of dietary acrylamide intake is not a risk factor for breast, endometrial, or ovarian cancers, which have generated particular interest because of a conjectured hormonal mechanism of acrylamide. Moreover, the absence of a positive association between smoking and ovarian and endometrial cancers suggests that any association of these cancers with the much lower, more sporadic dietary acrylamide intake is unlikely. In conclusion, epidemiologic studies of dietary acrylamide intake have failed to demonstrate an increased risk of cancer. In fact, the sporadically and slightly increased and decreased risk ratios reported in more than two dozen papers examined in this review strongly suggest the pattern one would expect to find for a true null association over the course of a series of trials. Therefore, continued epidemiologic investigation of acrylamide and cancer risk appears to be a misguided research priority.
人们推测，饮食中的丙烯酰胺摄入与癌症之间存在关联，为此已经有超过 15 项流行病学研究对几乎所有主要癌症部位进行了调查。我们批判性地回顾了关于估计的饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露与癌症的流行病学研究。由于通过吸烟摄入的丙烯酰胺要比饮食摄入多得多，因此我们分别为从不吸烟者或可能进行了吸烟状况统计调整的人群呈现了结果。在对已发表的文献进行广泛审查后，我们没有发现一致或可信的证据表明饮食中的丙烯酰胺会增加人类任何类型癌症的风险，无论是整体风险还是从不吸烟者的风险。特别是，综合证据表明，高水平的饮食丙烯酰胺摄入不是乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌或卵巢癌的危险因素，这些癌症由于丙烯酰胺的推测性激素机制而引起了特别关注。此外，吸烟与卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌之间不存在正相关关系，这表明这些癌症与饮食中丙烯酰胺摄入低得多且更为偶然之间不太可能存在关联。总之，关于饮食中丙烯酰胺摄入与癌症风险的流行病学研究未能证明风险增加。事实上，在本综述中检查的二十多份论文中报告的偶尔和略微增加及降低的风险比强烈表明，在一系列试验过程中，对于真正的零关联，人们会预期发现这种模式。因此，继续对丙烯酰胺和癌症风险进行流行病学研究似乎是一个被误导的研究重点。
