Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mucosal Immunol. 2012 Jul;5(4):367-76. doi: 10.1038/mi.2012.22. Epub 2012 Apr 25.
The intestine is the most densely colonized site in both mice and man. Recent data suggest that the intestinal flora is, in part, controlled by antimicrobial substances secreted by the intestinal epithelium. The defense system of the small intestine includes a protective mucus layer, a high turnover of epithelial cells, and a regulated secretion of effector molecules, notably antimicrobial peptides. Human and mouse small intestines share many similarities in their intestinal defense micro-organization, including the secretion of the well-known α-defensins. Mice, however, produce an additional unique antimicrobial peptide family, the CRS (cryptdin-related sequences)-peptides, not found in man. This review comprises a detailed presentation of the peptide-based defense of the gut, with specific emphasis on the CRS-peptide family. The first part presents the current knowledge of the CRS-peptide family's biochemical characteristics and nomenclature, and the second part is devoted to the possible role of this family in the homeostasis of the gut.
肠道是小鼠和人类中定植最密集的部位。最近的数据表明，肠道菌群部分受肠道上皮分泌的抗菌物质控制。小肠的防御系统包括保护性黏液层、上皮细胞的高周转率以及效应分子（特别是抗菌肽）的调节分泌。人和小鼠的小肠在其肠道防御的微观组织方面有许多相似之处，包括分泌著名的α-防御素。然而，小鼠还产生了一种额外的独特抗菌肽家族，即 CRS（cryptdin 相关序列）-肽，在人类中未发现。这篇综述详细介绍了肠道的基于肽的防御，特别强调了 CRS-肽家族。第一部分介绍了 CRS-肽家族的生化特性和命名的最新知识，第二部分专门讨论了该家族在肠道稳态中的可能作用。
