Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;73(3):215-20. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.03.021. Epub 2012 Apr 26.
Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted infection that poses significant global health risks for travelers and individuals living in the tropics and subtropics. The reported global incidence has increased dramatically in the past century, with dengue now ranking as the most common cause of febrile illness in travelers. While sporadic cases have been reported within the southern United States since 1980, autochthonous outbreaks have now been described in Hawaii, St. Croix (US Virgin Islands), along the Texas-Mexico border, and, most recently, in Key West, Florida. Although many infections are mild or asymptomatic, 5-10% of patients may experience hemorrhagic disease, with shock and even death. Laboratory identification commonly involves serologic and nucleic acid amplification methods. Due to rising incidence worldwide, physicians should be familiar with the clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, and management of this illness.
登革热是一种由蚊子传播的感染，对旅行者和生活在热带和亚热带地区的人构成重大的全球健康风险。在过去的一个世纪里，报告的全球发病率急剧上升，登革热现在是旅行者发热的最常见原因。虽然自 1980 年以来，美国南部就有散发病例报告，但现在夏威夷、圣克罗伊岛（美属维尔京群岛）、德克萨斯州-墨西哥边境以及最近的佛罗里达州基韦斯特都已出现本地暴发。虽然许多感染是轻度或无症状的，但 5-10%的患者可能出现出血性疾病，出现休克甚至死亡。实验室鉴定通常涉及血清学和核酸扩增方法。由于全球发病率上升，医生应熟悉这种疾病的临床表现、实验室诊断和治疗。
