Xiang Fan, He Mingguang, Morgan Ian G
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
Optom Vis Sci. 2012 Jun;89(6):884-91. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e318255dc33.
To assess the impact of severity of parental myopia on myopia in Chinese children.
Children aged 12 to 15 years were identified from a population-based sample in Guangzhou. Children's myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction of ≤0.5 D based on cycloplegic (1% cyclopentolate) autorefraction. Using a questionnaire reported by the parents, the parental myopia was confirmed and the severity of myopia on the right eyes was classified into mild (<3.0 D myopia), moderate (3.0 to 6.0 D myopia), and high (>6.0 D myopia) myopia.
Information was available for 1567 children aged 12 to 15 years. Analysis was restricted to children with no myopia in one parent and no, mild, moderate, or high myopia in the other. The prevalence of myopia in children was 53.5, 65.1, 76.3, and 80.6% when the severity of myopia in the second parent was no, mild, moderate, and high, and the prevalence of high myopia (spherical equivalent >6.0 D myopia) in children was 1.4, 2.9, 8.5, and 16.1% in the corresponding groups of parental myopia severity. Of the children with high myopia, 45.3% had parents with no reported myopia.
More severe myopia in one parent results in an increased risk of myopia in the children. However, most highly myopic children did not have a highly myopic parent and also half did not have any reported parental myopia. This suggests that while genetic factors contribute to the development of more severe myopia, environmental factors also contribute to high myopia in children in Guangzhou.
评估父母近视严重程度对中国儿童近视的影响。
从广州的一个基于人群的样本中确定年龄在12至15岁的儿童。根据散瞳（1% 环喷托酯）自动验光，儿童近视定义为等效球镜度≤ -0.5 D。通过父母报告的问卷确认父母近视情况，并将右眼近视严重程度分为轻度（近视度数<3.0 D）、中度（近视度数3.0至6.0 D）和高度（近视度数>6.0 D）近视。
获得了1567名12至15岁儿童的信息。分析仅限于一方父母无近视且另一方父母无近视、轻度近视、中度近视或高度近视的儿童。当另一方父母的近视严重程度为无、轻度、中度和高度时，儿童近视患病率分别为53.5%、65.1%、76.3%和80.6%，相应父母近视严重程度组中儿童高度近视（等效球镜度>6.0 D近视）患病率分别为1.4%、2.9%、8.5%和16.1%。在高度近视儿童中，45.3%的儿童父母未报告有近视。
一方父母近视程度越严重，其子女患近视的风险越高。然而，大多数高度近视儿童的父母并非高度近视，且有一半儿童的父母未报告有近视。这表明，虽然遗传因素在更严重近视的发生中起作用，但环境因素也对广州儿童的高度近视有影响。
