University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue , Lowell, MA 02215, USA.
Nanotoxicology. 2013 Aug;7(5):989-1003. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2012.689883. Epub 2012 Jun 14.
Several reports link printing and photocopying with genotoxicity, immunologic and respiratory diseases. Photocopiers and printers emit nanoparticles, which may be involved in these diseases. The physicochemical and morphological composition of these emitted nanoparticles, which is poorly understood and is critical for toxicological evaluations, was assessed in this study using both real-time instrumentation and analytical methods. Tests included elemental composition (40 metals), semi-volatile organics (100 compounds) and single particle analysis, using multiple high-sensitivity/resolution techniques. Identical analyses were performed on the toners and dust collected from copier's exhaust filter. Engineered nanoparticles, including titanium dioxide, iron oxide and fumed silica, and several metals were found in toners and airborne nanoscale fraction. Chemical composition of airborne nanoscale fraction was complex and reflected toner chemistry. These findings are important in understanding the origin and toxicology of such nanoparticles. Further investigation of their chemistry, larger scale exposure studies and thorough toxicological characterisation of emitted nanoparticles is needed.
有几份报告将打印和影印与遗传毒性、免疫和呼吸道疾病联系起来。影印机和打印机排放纳米颗粒，这些颗粒可能与这些疾病有关。本研究使用实时仪器和分析方法评估了这些排放纳米颗粒的理化和形态组成，这对于毒理学评估至关重要。测试包括元素组成（40 种金属）、半挥发性有机物（100 种化合物）和使用多种高灵敏度/分辨率技术的单颗粒分析。对从复印机排气过滤器收集的墨粉和粉尘进行了相同的分析。在墨粉和空气中的纳米级部分中发现了工程纳米颗粒，包括二氧化钛、氧化铁和气相二氧化硅以及几种金属。空气中纳米级部分的化学成分复杂，反映了墨粉的化学性质。这些发现对于了解此类纳米颗粒的来源和毒理学很重要。需要进一步研究它们的化学性质、更大规模的暴露研究以及对排放纳米颗粒的全面毒理学特征描述。
