Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Nat Med. 2012 May 4;18(5):705-15. doi: 10.1038/nm.2760.
Allergic inflammation develops in tissues that have large epithelial surface areas that are exposed to the environment, such as the lung, skin and gut. In the steady state, antigen-experienced memory T cells patrol these peripheral tissues to facilitate swift immune responses against invading pathogens. In at least two allergy-prone organs, the skin and the gut, memory T cells are programmed during the initial antigen priming to express trafficking receptors that enable them to preferentially home to these organs. In this review we propose that tissue-specific memory and inflammation-specific T cell trafficking facilitates the development of allergic disease in these organs. We thus review recent advances in our understanding of tissue-specific T cell trafficking and how regulation of T cell trafficking by the chemokine system contributes to allergic inflammation in mouse models and in human allergic diseases of the skin, lung and gut. Inflammation- and tissue-specific T lymphocyte trafficking pathways are currently being targeted as new treatments for non-allergic inflammatory diseases and may yield effective new therapeutics for allergic diseases.
过敏炎症发生在具有暴露于环境的大上皮表面面积的组织中，例如肺、皮肤和肠道。在稳定状态下，抗原经验记忆 T 细胞巡弋这些外周组织，以促进针对入侵病原体的快速免疫反应。在至少两个过敏倾向的器官，皮肤和肠道中，记忆 T 细胞在初始抗原引发过程中被编程表达迁移受体，使它们能够优先归巢到这些器官。在这篇综述中，我们提出组织特异性记忆和炎症特异性 T 细胞迁移促进了这些器官中过敏性疾病的发展。因此，我们回顾了我们对组织特异性 T 细胞迁移的理解的最新进展，以及趋化因子系统对 T 细胞迁移的调节如何导致小鼠模型中的过敏炎症以及人类皮肤、肺和肠道的过敏性疾病。炎症和组织特异性 T 淋巴细胞迁移途径目前正被作为非过敏性炎症性疾病的新治疗靶点，可能为过敏性疾病提供有效的新治疗方法。
