Brancaccio Raffaele, Murdaca Giuseppe, Casella Rossella, Loverre Teresa, Bonzano Laura, Nettis Eustachio, Gangemi Sebastiano
Dermatology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2023 Apr 24;11(5):1266. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11051266.
Skin inflammation is a common underlying feature of atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis and chronic spontaneous urticaria. The pathogenetic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine whether miRNA, by regulating inflammatory mechanisms through the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, could play a major role in the pathogenesis of these skin conditions. We conducted a narrative review using the Pubmed and Embase scientific databases and search engines to find the most relevant miRNAs related to the pathophysiology, severity and prognosis of skin conditions. The studies show that miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis and regulation of atopic dermatitis and can reveal an atopic predisposition or indicate disease severity. In chronic spontaneous urticaria, different miRNAs which are over-expressed during urticaria exacerbations not only play a role in the possible response to therapy or remission, but also serve as a marker of chronic autoimmune urticaria and indicate associations with other autoimmune diseases. In allergic contact dermatitis, miRNAs are upregulated in inflammatory lesions and expressed during the sensitization phase of allergic response. Several miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers of these chronic skin conditions, but they are also possible therapeutic targets.
皮肤炎症是特应性皮炎、过敏性接触性皮炎和慢性自发性荨麻疹的常见潜在特征。其发病机制尚未完全阐明。本研究的目的是探讨微小RNA（miRNA）是否通过调节先天性和适应性免疫反应来调控炎症机制，从而在这些皮肤病的发病过程中发挥主要作用。我们使用PubMed和Embase科学数据库及搜索引擎进行了一项叙述性综述，以找出与皮肤病的病理生理学、严重程度和预后最相关的miRNA。研究表明，miRNA参与特应性皮炎的发病机制和调控，并且可以揭示特应性易感性或指示疾病严重程度。在慢性自发性荨麻疹中，荨麻疹发作期间过度表达的不同miRNA不仅在对治疗或缓解的可能反应中起作用，还可作为慢性自身免疫性荨麻疹的标志物，并表明与其他自身免疫性疾病的关联。在过敏性接触性皮炎中，miRNA在炎症病变中上调，并在过敏反应的致敏阶段表达。几种miRNA已被确定为这些慢性皮肤病的潜在生物标志物，但它们也可能是治疗靶点。
