Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e36174. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036174. Epub 2012 May 1.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory and chronically relapsing disorder with increasing prevalence. However, little is known about its prevalence in Shanghai, the top metropolitan of China. This study will estimate and compare the prevalence of AD in urban and rural areas in representative samples of 3 to 6-year-old children in Shanghai.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Pre-school children were obtained by cluster sampling from 8 communities in different districts in Shanghai. The main instrument was the core questionnaire module for AD used in the U.K. Working Party's study. All the data were statistically analyzed by EpiData 3.1 and SPSS16.0. A total of 10,436 children completed the study satisfactorily, with a response rate of 95.8%. The prevalence of AD in 3 to 6-year-old children was 8.3% (Male: 8.5%, Female: 8.2%). The prevalence in urban areas of Shanghai was gradiently and significantly higher than that in rural areas. The highest prevalence was in the core urban area (10.2% in Xuhui Tianping) vs. the lowest far from the urban areas (4.6% in Chongming Baozhen).
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The prevalence of AD was 8.3% (95%CI: 7.6%-9.1%) in children aged 3 to 6 in Shanghai. The prevalence of AD decreased from the center to the rural areas in Shanghai.
特应性皮炎（AD）是一种常见的炎症性和慢性复发性疾病，其发病率呈上升趋势。然而，在中国最大的城市上海，其发病率知之甚少。本研究将评估和比较上海代表性的 3 至 6 岁儿童城乡人群 AD 的患病率。
方法/主要发现：本研究采用描述性横断面研究。采用整群抽样的方法从上海不同区的 8 个社区中抽取学龄前儿童。主要仪器是英国工作组研究中使用的特应性皮炎核心问卷模块。所有数据均采用 EpiData 3.1 和 SPSS16.0 进行统计分析。共有 10436 名儿童完成了研究，应答率为 95.8%。3 至 6 岁儿童 AD 的患病率为 8.3%（男：8.5%，女：8.2%）。上海市城区的患病率呈梯度显著高于农村地区。核心城区的患病率最高（徐汇天平 10.2%），而远离城区的农村地区的患病率最低（崇明堡镇 4.6%）。
结论/意义：上海 3 至 6 岁儿童 AD 的患病率为 8.3%（95%CI：7.6%-9.1%）。AD 的患病率从上海市中心向农村地区逐渐降低。
