Xu Feng, Yan Shuxian, Zheng Qile, Li Fei, Chai Weihan, Wu Minmin, Kan Haidong, Norback Dan, Xu Jinhua, Zhao Zhuohui
Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 May 27;13(6):537. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13060537.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is common among pre-school children in Shanghai. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for childhood AD from the perspectives of home environment, demographics and parents-grandparents' atopic disease.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai in April-June, 2010. Preschool children's parents or guardians were invited to participate a questionnaire survey in six districts (two urban and four suburban/rural) and 6624 children were finally recruited (51.3% boys). AD diagnosis was based on the U.K. Working Party's (UKWP) criteria. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by multiple logistic regression.
A total of 8.5% of children ever had AD. Around 10.2% of the mothers had lived in newly renovated/decorated homes (NRDH) during the prenatal period (one year before or during pregnancy) and 9.5% got new home furniture (NHF) during the same period. AD was more common in children when mothers had lived in NRDH homes during the prenatal period (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.03-1.93), the current home had indoor mold (2.00, 1.48-2.70), parents-grandparents' had atopic diseases (3.85, 3.05-4.87), the children had food allergy (3.40, 2.63-4.40) or children lived in urban area (1.52, 1.18-1.96). Associations between AD and NRDH, NHF and indoor molds were only significant in children without parents-grandparents' atopic diseases. There was an interaction effect between parents-grandparents' atopic diseases and NRDH (p < 0.05).
Home renovation/ redecoration, new furniture and indoor mold, urban residency, heredity disposition and food allergy can be risk factors for childhood AD in Shanghai.
特应性皮炎（AD）在上海学龄前儿童中很常见。本研究旨在从家庭环境、人口统计学以及父母-祖父母的特应性疾病角度确定儿童AD的危险因素。
2010年4月至6月在上海进行了一项横断面研究。邀请学龄前儿童的父母或监护人参与问卷调查，涉及六个区（两个城区和四个郊区/农村），最终招募了6624名儿童（51.3%为男孩）。AD诊断基于英国工作组（UKWP）标准。通过多因素逻辑回归计算调整后的比值比（AOR）及95%置信区间（95%CI）。
共有8.5%的儿童曾患AD。约10.2%的母亲在孕期（怀孕前一年或孕期）居住在新装修的房屋中（NRDH），9.5%的母亲在同一时期购置了新家具（NHF）。当母亲在孕期居住在新装修房屋中时，儿童患AD更为常见（AOR = 1.41；95%CI 1.03 - 1.93），当前家中存在室内霉菌时（2.00，1.48 - 2.70），父母-祖父母患有特应性疾病时（3.85，3.05 - 4.87），儿童有食物过敏时（3.40，2.63 - 4.40），或儿童居住在城区时（1.52，1.18 - 1.96）。AD与NRDH、NHF和室内霉菌之间的关联仅在父母-祖父母无特应性疾病的儿童中显著。父母-祖父母的特应性疾病与NRDH之间存在交互作用（p < 0.05）。
房屋装修/重新装修、新家具和室内霉菌、城市居住、遗传易感性和食物过敏可能是上海儿童AD的危险因素。
