Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, University of Cagliari, Italy.
Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(21):2996-3006. doi: 10.2174/1381612811209022996.
The 'omics' technologies represent analytical approaches that have a holistic view on molecules such as genes, transcripts, proteins and metabolites constituting a cell, tissue or organism. The profiling of genes, transcripts and proteins has been referred to as genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. Finally, there is the youngest and most rapidly increasing of the "omics" disciplines: metabolomics. Metabolomics appears to be a new, very useful tool in neonatology, especially in the fields of pharma-metabolomics and nutri- metabolomics. Since it appears to be predictive and preventive, it can be considered the 'new clinical chemistry' for personalized neonatal medicine. At present, the use of metabolomics in neonatology is still in the pioneering phase. In clinical practice, only a limited number of metabolites are routinely measured in the biofluids of newborns by conventional analytical methods to study the metabolic status of the organism. However, the management of sick or preterm newborns might be improved if more information on perinatal/ neonatal maturational processes and their metabolic background were available. The aim of this review, after a general introduction on pharma-metabolomics, is to present the potential of NMR-based metabolomic analysis of newbom urine in neonatology in the field of pharmacology.
“组学”技术代表了一种分析方法，它对构成细胞、组织或生物体的分子（如基因、转录本、蛋白质和代谢物）进行整体观察。基因、转录本和蛋白质的分析分别被称为基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学。最后，还有“组学”中最年轻、发展最快的学科：代谢组学。代谢组学似乎是新生儿学中一种新的、非常有用的工具，特别是在药物代谢组学和营养代谢组学领域。由于它具有预测性和预防性，因此可以被视为个性化新生儿医学的“新临床化学”。目前，代谢组学在新生儿学中的应用仍处于开拓阶段。在临床实践中，通过常规分析方法仅在新生儿的生物流体中对少数几种代谢物进行常规测量，以研究机体的代谢状态。然而，如果能够获得更多关于围产期/新生儿成熟过程及其代谢背景的信息，可能会改善患病或早产儿的新生儿管理。本篇综述在对药物代谢组学进行一般性介绍后，旨在介绍在药理学领域，基于 NMR 的新生儿尿液代谢组分析在新生儿学中的潜力。
