Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Cagliari 09131, Italy.
Molecules. 2013 Apr 24;18(5):4844-57. doi: 10.3390/molecules18054844.
Metabolomics, the latest of the "omics" sciences, has a non-selective approach and can thus lead to the identification of all the metabolites (molecules < 1 kDa) in a biological system. The metabolomic profile can be considered the most predictive phenotype capable of evaluating epigenetic modifications determined by external factors. It is so close to the phenotype as to be considered the phenotype itself in its unique individuality (fingerprinting), both in health (phenome), and disease (diseasome). Urine, compared to other biological liquids, has the advantage of being a complex fluid with many components, including intermediate metabolites. Metabolomics may thus play a role in the study of different kidney diseases and overcome diagnostic difficulties. We shall present the studies that to our knowledge have been published on Nephrology and Pediatric Nephrology. Some are experimental while others are clinical. We have not considered carcinomas and transplantations. Although scarce, the data on adults and the very few ones in pediatrics are quite interesting. Further studies on kidneys are needed to determine the practical clinical impact of metabolomics in kidney renal pathologies. The "multiplatform" "omic" study of urine and namely metabolomics can contribute to improving early diagnosis and the outcome of kidney diseases.
代谢组学是“组学”科学中最新的一种，它采用非选择性方法，因此可以鉴定生物系统中的所有代谢物（分子量 < 1 kDa）。代谢组学图谱可以被认为是最具预测性的表型，能够评估由外部因素决定的表观遗传修饰。它非常接近表型，以至于在其独特的个体性（指纹）中被视为表型本身，无论是在健康（表型）还是疾病（疾病组）中。与其他生物液体相比，尿液具有作为一种复杂液体的优势，其中包含许多成分，包括中间代谢物。因此，代谢组学可能在研究不同的肾脏疾病和克服诊断困难方面发挥作用。我们将介绍我们所知的在肾脏病学和儿科肾脏病学领域发表的研究。有些是实验性的，有些是临床性的。我们没有考虑癌症和移植。尽管数据很少，但关于成年人和儿科的极少数数据非常有趣。需要进一步研究肾脏，以确定代谢组学在肾脏病理方面的实际临床影响。尿液的“多平台”“组学”研究，即代谢组学，可以有助于改善肾脏疾病的早期诊断和结果。
