Ministry of Health, Plot 6 Lourdel Road, PO Box 7272, Kampala, Uganda.
Int J Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;16(7):e536-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.03.004. Epub 2012 May 8.
In November 2010, following reports of an outbreak of a fatal, febrile, hemorrhagic illness in northern Uganda, the Uganda Ministry of Health established multisector teams to respond to the outbreak.
This was a case-series investigation in which the response teams conducted epidemiological and laboratory investigations on suspect cases. The cases identified were line-listed and a data analysis was undertaken regularly to guide the outbreak response.
Overall, 181 cases met the yellow fever (YF) suspected case definition; there were 45 deaths (case fatality rate 24.9%). Only 13 (7.5%) of the suspected YF cases were laboratory confirmed, and molecular sequencing revealed 92% homology to the YF virus strain Couma (Ethiopia), East African genotype. Suspected YF cases had fever (100%) and unexplained bleeding (97.8%), but jaundice was rare (11.6%). The overall attack rate was 13 cases/100000 population, and the attack rate was higher for males than females and increased with age. The index clusters were linked to economic activities undertaken by males around forests.
This was the largest YF outbreak ever reported in Uganda. The wide geographical case dispersion as well as the male and older age preponderance suggests transmission during the outbreak was largely sylvatic and related to occupational activities around forests.
2010 年 11 月，乌干达北部报告了一起致命性、发热性、出血性疾病暴发，乌干达卫生部随后成立了多部门小组以应对疫情。
这是一项病例系列调查，应对小组对疑似病例开展了流行病学和实验室调查。确定的病例被逐一列出，定期进行数据分析以为疫情应对提供指导。
共有 181 例符合黄热病（YF）疑似病例定义；有 45 例死亡（病死率 24.9%）。仅 13 例（7.5%）疑似 YF 病例得到实验室确认，分子测序显示与来自埃塞俄比亚的 YF 病毒株 Couma（东非基因型）同源性为 92%。疑似 YF 病例均有发热（100%）和不明原因出血（97.8%），但黄疸少见（11.6%）。总发病率为 13 例/100000 人口，男性发病率高于女性，且随年龄增长而增加。指数聚集与男性在森林周围从事的经济活动有关。
这是乌干达报告的有史以来最大的黄热病疫情。广泛的地理分布病例以及男性和年龄较大者发病居多，表明疫情期间的传播主要是丛林型的，与森林周围的职业活动有关。
