Lieberwirth Claudia, Wang Zuoxin
Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Florida State University Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2012 May 8;6:118. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00118. eCollection 2012.
Adult neurogenesis - the formation of new neurons in adulthood - has been shown to be modulated by a variety of endogenous (e.g., trophic factors, neurotransmitters, and hormones) as well as exogenous (e.g., physical activity and environmental complexity) factors. Research on exogenous regulators of adult neurogenesis has focused primarily on the non-social environment. More recently, however, evidence has emerged suggesting that the social environment can also affect adult neurogenesis. The present review details the effects of adult-adult (e.g., mating and chemosensory interactions) and adult-offspring (e.g., gestation, parenthood, and exposure to offspring) interactions on adult neurogenesis. In addition, the effects of a stressful social environment (e.g., lack of social support and dominant-subordinate interactions) on adult neurogenesis are reviewed. The underlying hormonal mechanisms and potential functional significance of adult-generated neurons in mediating social behaviors are also discussed.
成体神经发生——即在成年期形成新的神经元——已被证明受到多种内源性因素（如神经营养因子、神经递质和激素）以及外源性因素（如体育活动和环境复杂性）的调节。关于成体神经发生的外源性调节因子的研究主要集中在非社会环境方面。然而，最近有证据表明，社会环境也会影响成体神经发生。本综述详细阐述了成年个体之间（如交配和化学感应相互作用）以及成年个体与后代之间（如妊娠、为人父母和接触后代）的相互作用对成体神经发生的影响。此外，还综述了应激性社会环境（如缺乏社会支持和支配-从属相互作用）对成体神经发生的影响。同时也讨论了成年期产生的神经元在介导社会行为中的潜在激素机制和功能意义。
