Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Qué., Canada.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2012 Jan;2(1):160-8. doi: 10.1159/000332022. Epub 2012 Apr 18.
With the aging of the population, dementia is increasing worldwide. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for dementia in an elderly population utilizing a primary health care service in Dakar, Senegal.
Through a cross-sectional study conducted from March 2004 to December 31, 2005, 507 elderly patients aged ≥65 years who came to the Social and Medical Center of IPRES, Dakar, Senegal, were first screened with the screening interview questionnaire 'Aging in Senegal'. Those who were cognitively impaired underwent a clinical examination to detect dementia. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done.
The whole population had a mean age of 72.4 years (±5.2) and was mostly male, married, and non-educated. Hypertension, arthritis, and gastrointestinal diseases were the main health conditions reported in the past medical history. Smoking was important while alcohol consumption was rare. Social network was high. Forty-five patients (8.87%) had dementia. In the multivariate model, only advanced age, education, epilepsy, and family history of dementia were independently associated with dementia.
The risk factors identified are also found in developed countries confirming their role in dementia. It is important to take dementia into consideration in Senegal and to sensitize the community for prevention.
随着人口老龄化，痴呆症在全球范围内日益增多。本研究的目的是在塞内加尔达喀尔利用初级卫生保健服务确定老年人群中痴呆症的危险因素。
通过2004年3月至2005年12月31日进行的一项横断面研究，对507名年龄≥65岁、前往塞内加尔达喀尔IPRES社会和医疗中心的老年患者，首先用“塞内加尔的老龄化”筛查访谈问卷进行筛查。认知受损者接受临床检查以检测痴呆症。进行了单变量、双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。
总体人群的平均年龄为72.4岁（±5.2），大多数为男性、已婚且未受过教育。高血压、关节炎和胃肠道疾病是既往病史中报告的主要健康状况。吸烟情况较为普遍，而饮酒情况较少。社交网络活跃度较高。45名患者（8.87%）患有痴呆症。在多变量模型中，只有高龄、教育程度、癫痫和痴呆症家族史与痴呆症独立相关。
在发达国家也发现了已确定的这些危险因素，证实了它们在痴呆症中的作用。在塞内加尔考虑痴呆症问题并提高社区的预防意识很重要。
