Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics srl, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Vaccine. 2012 May 30;30 Suppl 2:B78-86. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.099.
Despite the widespread implementation of several effective vaccines over the past few decades, bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis and Group B Streptococcus (GBS) still results in unacceptably high levels of human mortality and morbidity. A residual disease burden due to bacterial meningitis is also apparent due to a number of persistent or emerging pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. and Streptococcus suis. Here, we review the current status of bacterial meningitis caused by these pathogens, highlighting how past and present vaccination programs have attempted to counter these pathogens. We discuss how improved pathogen surveillance, implementation of current vaccines, and development of novel vaccines may be expected to further reduce bacterial meningitis and related diseases in the future.
尽管在过去几十年中已经广泛实施了几种有效的疫苗，但由肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、脑膜炎奈瑟菌和 B 群链球菌（GBS）引起的细菌性脑膜炎仍然导致了不可接受的高死亡率和发病率。由于一些持续存在或新出现的病原体，包括结核分枝杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌和猪链球菌，细菌性脑膜炎仍然存在相当大的疾病负担。在这里，我们回顾了这些病原体引起的细菌性脑膜炎的现状，强调了过去和现在的疫苗接种计划如何试图对抗这些病原体。我们讨论了如何通过改进病原体监测、实施现有疫苗以及开发新型疫苗来预期在未来进一步减少细菌性脑膜炎和相关疾病。
