Department of Microbiology, National Food Reference Laboratory, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bulv., Tarim Kampusu, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2013 Feb;39(1):57-69. doi: 10.3109/1040841X.2012.691458. Epub 2012 May 29.
Emerging foodborne pathogens are challenging subjects of food microbiology with their antibiotic resistance and their impact on public health. Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp. and Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) are significant emerging food pathogens, globally. The decrease in supply and increase in demand lead developed countries to produce animal products with a higher efficiency. The massive production has caused the increase of the significant foodborne diseases. The strict control of food starting from farm to fork has been held by different regulations. Official measures have been applied to combat these pathogens. In 2005 EU declared that, an EU-wide ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed would be applied on 1 January 2006. The ban is the final step in the phasing out of antibiotics used for non-medical purposes. It is a part of the Commission's strategy to tackle the emergence of bacteria and other microbes resistant to antibiotics, due to their overexploitation or misuse. As the awareness raises more countries banned application of antibiotics as growth promoter, but the resistance of the emerging foodborne pathogens do not represent decrease. Currently, the main concern of food safety is counter measures against resistant bugs.
食源性新兴病原体具有抗生素耐药性，并对公共健康产生影响，是食品微生物学的挑战性课题。空肠弯曲菌、沙门氏菌和产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（VTEC）是全球重要的食源性新兴病原体。供应减少和需求增加促使发达国家提高动物产品生产效率。大规模生产导致食源性疾病显著增加。不同的法规从农场到餐桌对食品进行严格控制。官方采取措施来对抗这些病原体。2005 年，欧盟宣布，2006 年 1 月 1 日起，将在整个欧盟范围内禁止将抗生素作为生长促进剂用于动物饲料。这一禁令是逐步淘汰用于非医疗目的抗生素使用的最后一步。这是委员会应对由于过度开发或滥用而导致对抗生素具有耐药性的细菌和其他微生物的出现的战略的一部分。随着人们对食品安全意识的提高，越来越多的国家禁止将抗生素作为生长促进剂使用，但新兴食源性病原体的耐药性并没有下降。目前，食品安全的主要关注点是针对耐药菌的对策。
