Altekruse S F, Cohen M L, Swerdlow D L
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 1997 Jul-Sep;3(3):285-93. doi: 10.3201/eid0303.970304.
The epidemiology of foodborne diseases is rapidly changing. Recently described pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and the epidemic strain of Salmonella serotype Typhimurium Definitive Type 104 (which is resistant to at least five antimicrobial drugs), have become important public health problems. Well-recognized pathogens, such as Salmonella serotype Enteritidis, have increased in prevalence or become associated with new vehicles. Emergence in foodborne diseases is driven by the same forces as emergence in other infectious diseases: changes in demographic characteristics, human behavior, industry, and technology; the shift toward a global economy; microbial adaptation; and the breakdown in the public health infrastructure. Addressing emerging foodborne diseases will require more sensitive and rapid surveillance, enhanced methods of laboratory identification and subtyping, and effective prevention and control.
食源性疾病的流行病学正在迅速变化。最近发现的病原体，如大肠杆菌O157:H7和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌104型流行菌株（对至少五种抗菌药物耐药），已成为重要的公共卫生问题。一些广为人知的病原体，如肠炎沙门氏菌，其流行率有所上升或与新的传播媒介有关。食源性疾病的出现与其他传染病的出现受相同因素驱动：人口特征、人类行为、行业和技术的变化；向全球经济的转变；微生物适应；以及公共卫生基础设施的崩溃。应对新出现的食源性疾病需要更敏感、快速的监测，改进实验室鉴定和分型方法，以及有效的预防和控制措施。
