Vig M M
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, AL 36088.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1990 Dec;32(6):573-5.
Nicotine poisoning is a rarely reported toxicosis. The clinical signs and symptoms are complex and are mostly of central nervous system derangement. In addition, animals may have hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension and hyperthermia. Some animals are presented in total collapse with slow and shallow respirations, hypotension, dilated pupils, and a weak, rapid and irregular pulse. Treatment is directed toward removing the unabsorbed poison and diluting, and counteracting or controlling the animal's signs. This report emphasises the comparative ease with which a dog would readily ingest chewing tobacco, which is sweet in taste, and come down with nicotine poisoning, as compared to cigarette tobacco which is nonpalatable and therefore less of a threat. The report further discusses clinical nicotine toxicosis, its incidence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
尼古丁中毒是一种鲜有报道的中毒症。其临床体征和症状复杂，主要表现为中枢神经系统紊乱。此外，动物可能会出现流涎过多、呕吐、腹泻、心动过速、呼吸急促、高血压和体温过高。一些动物会出现完全虚脱，呼吸缓慢且浅表、低血压、瞳孔散大以及脉搏微弱、快速且不规则。治疗旨在清除未吸收的毒物、稀释并对抗或控制动物的症状。本报告强调，与味道不佳因而威胁较小的卷烟烟草相比，味道甜美的嚼烟很容易被狗吞食并导致尼古丁中毒。该报告还进一步讨论了临床尼古丁中毒、其发病率、临床表现、诊断、预后及治疗。
