Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Br J Nutr. 2013 Jan 28;109(2):376-81. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512001092. Epub 2012 May 29.
Extreme macronutrient intakes possibly lead to different brain signalling. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ingesting high-protein v. high-carbohydrate food on liking and wanting task-related brain signalling (TRS) and subsequent macronutrient intake. A total of thirty female subjects (21.6 (SD 2.2) years, BMI 25.0 (SD 3.7) kg/m²) completed four functional MRI scans: two fasted and two satiated on two different days. During the scans, subjects rated all food items for liking and wanting, thereby choosing the subsequent meal. The results show that high-protein (PROT) v. high-carbohydrate (CARB) conditions were generated using protein or carbohydrate drinks at the first meal. Energy intake and hunger were recorded. PROT (protein: 53.7 (SD 2.1) percentage of energy (En%); carbohydrate: 6.4 (SD 1.3) En%) and CARB conditions (protein: 11.8 (SD 0.6) En%; carbohydrate: 70.0 (SD 2.4) En%) were achieved during the first meal, while the second meals were not different between the conditions. Hunger, energy intake, and behavioural liking and wanting ratings were decreased after the first meal (P< 0.001). Comparing the first with the second meal, the macronutrient content changed: carbohydrate -26.9 En% in the CARB condition, protein -37.8 En% in the PROT condition. After the first meal in the CARB condition, wanting TRS was increased in the hypothalamus. After the first meal in the PROT condition, liking TRS was decreased in the putamen (P< 0.05). The change in energy intake from the first to the second meal was inversely related to the change in liking TRS in the striatum and hypothalamus in the CARB condition and positively related in the PROT condition (P< 0.05). In conclusion, wanting and liking TRS were affected differentially with a change in carbohydrate or protein intake, underscoring subsequent energy intake and shift in macronutrient composition.
极端的宏量营养素摄入可能会导致不同的大脑信号。本研究的目的是确定摄入高蛋白与高碳水化合物食物对喜好和渴望任务相关脑信号（TRS）以及随后的宏量营养素摄入的影响。共有 30 名女性受试者（21.6（SD 2.2）岁，BMI 25.0（SD 3.7）kg/m²）完成了 4 次功能性磁共振成像扫描：在两天内两次空腹和两次饱食。在扫描过程中，受试者对所有食物进行喜好和渴望评分，从而选择随后的餐食。结果表明，高蛋白质（PROT）与高碳水化合物（CARB）条件是在第一餐时使用蛋白质或碳水化合物饮料产生的。记录能量摄入和饥饿感。PROT（蛋白质：53.7（SD 2.1）%能量（En%）；碳水化合物：6.4（SD 1.3）En%）和 CARB 条件（蛋白质：11.8（SD 0.6）En%；碳水化合物：70.0（SD 2.4）En%）在第一餐时达到，而第二餐在两种条件之间没有差异。第一餐后饥饿感、能量摄入以及行为喜好和渴望评分均降低（P<0.001）。与第一餐相比，第二餐的宏量营养素含量发生变化：CARB 条件下碳水化合物减少 26.9 En%，PROT 条件下蛋白质减少 37.8 En%。第一餐 CARB 条件下，下丘脑的渴望 TRS 增加。第一餐 PROT 条件下，纹状体的喜好 TRS 降低（P<0.05）。第一餐到第二餐的能量摄入变化与 CARB 条件下纹状体和下丘脑的喜好 TRS 变化呈负相关，与 PROT 条件下呈正相关（P<0.05）。总之，碳水化合物或蛋白质摄入的变化会对喜好和渴望 TRS 产生不同的影响，从而影响随后的能量摄入和宏量营养素组成的变化。
