Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi‐110029, India.
J Neurol Sci. 2012 Aug 15;319(1-2):135-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2012.05.026. Epub 2012 May 28.
Parkinson disease (PD) is less common in women and studies have shown that oestrogen is protective to dopaminergic neurons in primate models. The findings in clinical and epidemiological studies have not clearly established this observation. This study was undertaken to evaluate associations of reproductive characteristics in a population with higher fertility and risk of PD among women.
Trained interviewers used structured interviews to obtain information about demographic characteristics and reproductive history from women subjects with PD. An equal number of healthy age matched female controls were also studied to compare their reproductive characteristics with women with PD.
We recruited 81 consecutive women with PD and age matched healthy women controls. Mean age at interview was 55.89 ± 10.07 years for women with PD, 55.05 ± 10.53 years for controls. Significant positive correlation was observed with cumulative length of pregnancy (r=0.32; p=0.003), age at menopause (r=0.55; p=0.001) and length of fertile life with age of onset of PD (r=0.27; p=0.02). Gravidity (r=0.26; p=0.02) and parity (r=0.35; p=0.001) also correlated positively with age at onset.
The onset of PD is delayed in women with higher number of pregnancies, longer fertile life and longer cumulative length of pregnancies. This could also explain the epidemiological observations of lower incidence of PD in women and the protective role of estrogens.
帕金森病（PD）在女性中较少见，研究表明，雌激素对灵长类动物模型中的多巴胺能神经元具有保护作用。但临床和流行病学研究的结果并未明确证实这一观察结果。本研究旨在评估在生育能力较高且女性 PD 风险较高的人群中，生殖特征与 PD 的相关性。
经过培训的访谈员使用结构化访谈，从 PD 女性患者中获取人口统计学特征和生殖史信息。还对数量相等的健康年龄匹配的女性对照者进行了研究，以比较她们的生殖特征与 PD 女性患者的生殖特征。
我们招募了 81 名连续的 PD 女性患者和年龄匹配的健康女性对照者。PD 女性患者的平均年龄为 55.89 ± 10.07 岁，对照组为 55.05 ± 10.53 岁。研究发现，与累积妊娠时间（r=0.32；p=0.003）、绝经年龄（r=0.55；p=0.001）以及 PD 发病年龄与生育期长度的相关性呈显著正相关（r=0.27；p=0.02）。孕次（r=0.26；p=0.02）和产次（r=0.35；p=0.001）也与发病年龄呈正相关。
妊娠次数较多、生育期较长和累积妊娠时间较长的女性 PD 发病年龄延迟。这也可以解释流行病学上女性 PD 发病率较低以及雌激素的保护作用的观察结果。
