Iranian Research Center for Substance Abuse and Dependence (IRCSAD), University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Med Sci. 2012 May 9;8(2):362-7. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2012.28566.
Epidemiological studies on all types of illicit drug use among athletes are essential for both the sport community and drug control achievements. Here, we investigated the prevalence and associated factors of amphetamine use in body builders in Tehran, Iran, 2007.
This study is a secondary analysis of a substance use survey done in 103 randomly selected gymnasia in Tehran (capital city of Iran). The survey was conducted from November 2007 to January 2008 and included 843 randomly selected bodybuilders (aged 40 years or less). By interviews via questionnaires the following data were obtained: age, job, marital status, education level, housing status, average monthly family income, number of family members, gymnasium area (m(2)), number of trainers, number of gymnasium members, initiation time (months), weekly duration of the sporting activity (h), monthly cost of the sporting activity, purpose of participating in sporting activity, and history of anabolic steroid and amphetamine use.
One hundred twenty (13.3%) body builders reported a history of amphetamine use. According to the results of regression analysis, being married (risk ratio - RR = 0.540), and participating in body building to enhance self-esteem (RR = 0.423) or to enhance sport performance (RR = 0.545) had protective effects on amphetamine use. However, having university qualifications (RR = 1.843), using anabolic steroids (RR = 1.803) and participating in sport to maintain fitness (RR = 2.472) were linked to increased risk of amphetamine use.
Well-educated bodybuilders were more likely to use amphetamines, and why this is so needs to be discovered. If further studies show that they are not aware of the dangers associated with amphetamine use, providing them with information should be considered.
对运动员使用各种非法药物的流行病学研究对体育界和药物管制工作都至关重要。在此，我们调查了 2007 年伊朗德黑兰健美运动员中安非他命使用的流行率及其相关因素。
这是一项在德黑兰（伊朗首都）103 家随机选择的健身房进行的药物使用调查的二次分析。该调查于 2007 年 11 月至 2008 年 1 月进行，包括 843 名随机选择的健美运动员（年龄在 40 岁以下）。通过问卷调查访谈获得以下数据：年龄、职业、婚姻状况、教育水平、住房状况、家庭月平均收入、家庭成员人数、健身房面积（平方米）、教练人数、健身房会员人数、开始时间（月）、运动活动每周持续时间（小时）、运动活动每月费用、参加运动活动的目的以及合成代谢类固醇和安非他命使用史。
120 名（13.3%）健美运动员报告有安非他命使用史。根据回归分析结果，已婚（风险比 - RR = 0.540）和参加健美运动以增强自尊心（RR = 0.423）或提高运动成绩（RR = 0.545）对安非他命使用具有保护作用。然而，具有大学学历（RR = 1.843）、使用合成代谢类固醇（RR = 1.803）和参加运动以保持健康（RR = 2.472）与安非他命使用风险增加有关。
受过良好教育的健美运动员更有可能使用安非他命，而为什么会这样则需要进一步研究。如果进一步的研究表明他们没有意识到与安非他命使用相关的危险，那么就应该考虑为他们提供相关信息。
