Center for Community Based-Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Health Educ Res. 2013 Feb;28(1):113-29. doi: 10.1093/her/cys060. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
This article provides a theory-based, step-by-step approach to intervention development and illustrates its application in India to design an intervention to promote tobacco-use cessation among school personnel in Bihar. We employed a five-step approach to develop the intervention using the Social Contextual Model of Health Behavior Change (SCM) in Bihar, which involved conducting formative research, classifying factors in the social environment as mediating mechanisms and modifying conditions, developing a creative brief, designing an intervention and refining the intervention based on pilot test results. The intervention engages users and non-users of tobacco, involves teachers in implementing and monitoring school tobacco control policies and maximizes teachers' role as change agents in schools and communities. Intervention components include health educator visits, discussions led by lead teachers, cessation assistance, posters and other educational materials and is implemented over the entire academic year. The intervention is being tested in Bihar government schools as part of a randomized-controlled trial. SCM was a useful framework for developing a tobacco control intervention that responded to teachers' lives in Bihar.
本文提供了一种基于理论的、循序渐进的干预措施开发方法，并以印度为例说明了其在设计促进比哈尔邦学校工作人员戒烟干预措施方面的应用。我们采用了五步方法，利用比哈尔邦的健康行为改变的社会背景模型（SCM）来开发干预措施，包括进行形成性研究、将社会环境中的因素分类为中介机制并进行修正条件、制定创意简报、设计干预措施以及根据试点测试结果改进干预措施。该干预措施涉及烟草使用者和非使用者，让教师参与实施和监测学校烟草控制政策，并最大限度地发挥教师在学校和社区中的变革推动者的作用。干预措施包括健康教育者的访问、由首席教师领导的讨论、戒烟援助、海报和其他教育材料，并且在整个学年中实施。该干预措施正在比哈尔邦政府学校进行测试，作为一项随机对照试验的一部分。SCM 是开发针对比哈尔邦教师生活的烟草控制干预措施的有用框架。
