Tringler Matías, Rodriguez Edgardo M, Aguera Darío, Molina John D, Canziani Gabriela A, Diaz Alejandro
Hospital Enrique Rodriguez Larreta, General Medicine, Maria Ignacia Vela, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev. 2012 Mar 1;19(1):41-6. doi: 10.2165/11632090-000000000-00000.
Many studies have shown that high blood pressure and overweight begins in childhood. Consequently, it is useful to know blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) values from an early age. There are few data about blood pressure control in children and adolescents from rural populations in South America.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of high blood pressure and its association with sedentary habits and overweight/obesity in scholars from a rural population in Argentina.
The study population for this cross-sectional study was composed of rural children and adolescent scholars from Maria Ignacia Vela. Pre-hypertension and hypertension were defined on the basis of percentiles from the average of three blood pressure measurements taken on a single occasion. In patients with three blood pressure measurements above the 90th percentile, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed to confirm hypertension or pre-hypertension. BMI was categorized by using the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts.
We studied 334 scholars (aged 5-18 years). Mean age was 11.4 years. In 70% of the subjects, blood pressure had never been measured. The prevalence of high blood pressure was 4.4%. Students with sedentary habits were 3.67-fold more likely to develop high blood pressure than their physically active counterparts (odds ratio [OR] 3.67; 95% CI 1.08, 12.46; p = 0.037). Obese students were more likely to develop hypertension than the students with normal weight (OR = 5.17; 95% CI 1.52, 17.60; p = 0.02). Male students had a 3.4-fold higher risk of developing high blood pressure than females.
In our rural population, the evaluation of blood pressure in children and adolescents is not a routine measure. Our data indicate a low prevalence of high blood pressure. These data could argue differences between rural and urban scholars. Our data demonstrate a close relationship between increased overweight, obesity and sedentary lifestyle with the development of high blood pressure. We emphasize the importance of blood pressure controls and the need to implement programmes to modify sedentary lifestyle in rural populations.
许多研究表明，高血压和超重始于儿童期。因此，从小了解血压和体重指数（BMI）值很有用。关于南美洲农村人口中儿童和青少年血压控制的数据很少。
本研究的目的是确定阿根廷农村人口中儿童高血压的患病率及其与久坐习惯和超重/肥胖的关联。
这项横断面研究的研究人群由来自玛丽亚·伊格纳西娅·韦拉的农村儿童和青少年学生组成。根据单次测量的三次血压平均值的百分位数来定义高血压前期和高血压。对于三次血压测量值高于第90百分位数的患者，进行动态血压监测以确认高血压或高血压前期。使用2000年疾病控制与预防中心生长图表对BMI进行分类。
我们研究了334名学生（年龄5 - 18岁）。平均年龄为11.4岁。70%的受试者从未测量过血压。高血压患病率为4.4%。有久坐习惯的学生患高血压的可能性是其身体活跃的同龄人3.67倍（优势比[OR] 3.67；95%置信区间1.08，12.46；p = 0.037）。肥胖学生比体重正常的学生更易患高血压（OR = 5.17；95%置信区间1.52，17.60；p = 0.02）。男学生患高血压的风险比女学生高3.4倍。
在我们的农村人口中，儿童和青少年的血压评估不是一项常规措施。我们的数据表明高血压患病率较低。这些数据可能表明农村和城市学生之间存在差异。我们的数据表明超重、肥胖和久坐生活方式的增加与高血压的发生密切相关。我们强调血压控制的重要性以及在农村人口中实施改变久坐生活方式项目的必要性。
