Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Expedicionários 1700, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009 Sep;93(3):253-60. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2009000900009.
Paucity of data on childhood obesity and cardiovascular risk in Brazil.
To determine the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and their correlations in a sample of school children in Itapetininga, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Cross-sectional study with systematic collection of anthropometric data (weight, height, waist circumference, BMI and blood pressure levels) and determination of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, uric acid, and apolipoproteins A and B in a random sample representative of school children from the public education system in Itapetininga, State of Sao Paulo. For data analysis, we used population parameters from the NCHS curves (2000), blood pressure categories from NHBPEP (2004), and the serum cholesterol levels proposed by the AHA for children and adolescents (2003).
A total of 494 children and adolescents participated in the study. Of these, 11.7% had HBP, 51% increased total cholesterol, 40.5% increased LDL-cholesterol, 8.5% increased triglycerides, and 6.1% low HDL-cholesterol levels. Mean (+/- standard deviation) TC, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were 172.1(27.9), 48.1(10.0), 105.7(23.1) and 90.9(43.8), respectively. Obesity and overweight were detected in 12.8% and 9.7% of the sample, respectively. Individuals of the obese group had a greater chance of presenting with dyslipidemia and hypertension in comparison with those of the other groups.
This study supports the hypothesis of different prevalences of excess weight among school children from the public education system of the northeastern and southeastern regions of Brazil, with higher rates in the latter. Additionally, it demonstrates an association of obesity with dyslipidemia and hypertension in that group. In light of the paucity of Brazilian data on this issue, our study provides important data for further comparisons.
巴西儿童肥胖和心血管风险数据匮乏。
在巴西圣保罗州伊塔佩廷加的一个学童样本中，确定高血压、血脂异常、肥胖的患病率及其相关性。
对伊塔佩廷加公立教育系统中随机抽取的学童进行横断面研究，系统收集体重、身高、腰围、BMI 和血压水平等人体测量数据，并测定血糖、总胆固醇、LDL、HDL、尿酸、载脂蛋白 A 和 B。数据分析采用 NCHS 曲线（2000 年）的人群参数、NHBPEP（2004 年）的血压分类以及 AHA 为儿童和青少年提出的血清胆固醇水平（2003 年）。
共有 494 名儿童和青少年参与了研究。其中，11.7%患有 HBP，51%总胆固醇升高，40.5% LDL-胆固醇升高，8.5%甘油三酯升高，6.1% HDL-胆固醇降低。TC、HDL-胆固醇、LDL-胆固醇和甘油三酯的平均值（+/-标准差）分别为 172.1（27.9）、48.1（10.0）、105.7（23.1）和 90.9（43.8）。肥胖和超重的检出率分别为 12.8%和 9.7%。与其他组相比，肥胖组的个体发生血脂异常和高血压的可能性更大。
本研究支持巴西东北部和东南部公立教育系统学童超重率不同的假说，东南部地区的超重率更高。此外，它还表明肥胖与该组人群的血脂异常和高血压相关。鉴于巴西在这方面数据匮乏，本研究为进一步比较提供了重要数据。
