Unüvar Tolga, Büyükgebiz Atilla
T.C. Ministry of Health, İstanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman, Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey.
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2012 Jun;4(2):51-60. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.569.
Endocrine disruptors are substances commonly encountered in every setting and condition in the modern world. It is virtually impossible to avoid the contact with these chemical compounds in our daily life. Molecules defined as endocrine disruptors constitute an extremely heterogeneous group and include synthetic chemicals used as industrial solvents/lubricants and their by-products. Natural chemicals found in human and animal food (phytoestrogens) also act as endocrine disruptors. Different from adults, children are not exposed only to chemical toxins in the environment but may also be exposed during their intrauterine life. Hundreds of toxic substances, which include neuro-immune and endocrine toxic chemical components that may influence the critical steps of hormonal, neurological and immunological development, may affect the fetus via the placental cord and these substances may be excreted in the meconium. Children and especially newborns are more sensitive to environmental toxins compared to adults. Metabolic pathways are immature, especially in the first months of life. The ability of the newborn to metabolize, detoxify and eliminate many toxins is different from that of the adults. Although exposures occur during fetal or neonatal period, their effects may sometimes be observed in later years. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of these substances on the endocrine system and to provide evidence for preventive measures.
内分泌干扰物是现代世界中在各种环境和条件下普遍存在的物质。在我们的日常生活中，几乎不可能避免与这些化合物接触。被定义为内分泌干扰物的分子构成了一个极其异质的群体，包括用作工业溶剂/润滑剂的合成化学品及其副产品。在人类和动物食物中发现的天然化学物质（植物雌激素）也可作为内分泌干扰物。与成年人不同，儿童不仅会接触环境中的化学毒素，在子宫内时也可能会接触到。数百种有毒物质，其中包括可能影响激素、神经和免疫发育关键步骤的神经免疫和内分泌毒性化学成分，可能通过脐带影响胎儿，这些物质可能会在胎粪中排出。与成年人相比，儿童尤其是新生儿对环境毒素更为敏感。代谢途径不成熟，尤其是在生命的最初几个月。新生儿代谢、解毒和消除许多毒素的能力与成年人不同。虽然接触发生在胎儿期或新生儿期，但其影响有时可能在多年后才会显现。需要进一步研究来阐明这些物质对内分泌系统的影响，并为预防措施提供证据。
