Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 May 21;16(11):1556. doi: 10.3390/nu16111556.
During the last decades, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have attracted the attention of the scientific community, as a result of a deepened understanding of their effects on human health. These compounds, which can reach populations through the food chain and a number of daily life products, are known to modify the activity of the endocrine system. Regarding vulnerable groups like pregnant mothers, the potential damage they can cause increases their importance, since it is the health of two lives that is at risk. EDCs can affect the gestation process, altering fetal development, and eventually inducing the appearance of many disorders in their childhood and/or adulthood. Because of this, several of these substances have been studied to clarify the influence of their prenatal exposure on the cognitive and psychomotor development of the newborn, together with the appearance of non-communicable diseases and other disorders. The most novel research on the subject has been gathered in this narrative review, with the aim of clarifying the current knowledge on the subject. EDCs have shown, through different studies involving both animal and human investigation, a detrimental effect on the development of children exposed to the during pregnancy, sometimes with sex-specific outcomes. However, some other studies have failed to find these associations, which highlights the need for deeper and more rigorous research, that will provide an even more solid foundation for the establishment of policies against the extended use of these chemicals.
在过去几十年中,由于人们对内分泌干扰化学物质 (EDCs) 对人类健康影响的认识不断加深,这些化学物质引起了科学界的关注。这些化合物可以通过食物链和许多日常生活产品进入人群,它们被认为会改变内分泌系统的活性。对于孕妇等弱势群体而言,由于存在潜在的危害,这些物质的重要性增加了,因为有两个人的健康处于危险之中。EDCs 会影响妊娠过程,改变胎儿发育,并最终在儿童期和/或成年期引发许多疾病。因此,已经对其中的一些物质进行了研究,以阐明其产前暴露对新生儿认知和运动发育的影响,以及非传染性疾病和其他疾病的出现。本综述汇集了该主题的最新研究,旨在阐明该主题的现有知识。通过涉及动物和人类研究的不同研究,EDCs 已经显示出对怀孕期间暴露于这些化学物质的儿童发育的有害影响,有时会产生特定性别的结果。然而,其他一些研究未能发现这些关联,这凸显了需要进行更深入和更严格的研究,为制定反对这些化学物质广泛使用的政策提供更坚实的基础。