The University of Michigan, Department of Psychology, East Hall, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1043, USA.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2012 Feb 15;2 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S167-79. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.10.001. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
There is accumulating evidence that training working memory (WM) leads to beneficial effects in tasks that were not trained, but the mechanisms underlying this transfer remain elusive. Brain imaging can be a valuable method to gain insights into such mechanisms. Here, we discuss the impact of cognitive training on neural correlates with an emphasis on studies that implemented a WM intervention. We focus on changes in activation patterns, changes in resting state connectivity, changes in brain structure, and changes in the dopaminergic system. Our analysis of the existing literature reveals that there is currently no clear pattern of results that would single out a specific neural mechanism underlying training and transfer. We conclude that although brain imaging has provided us with information about the mechanisms of WM training, more research is needed to understand its neural impact.
越来越多的证据表明，训练工作记忆（WM）会对未经过训练的任务产生有益的影响，但这种转移的机制仍难以捉摸。脑成像可以是一种很有价值的方法，可以深入了解这些机制。在这里，我们讨论认知训练对神经相关性的影响，重点讨论实施 WM 干预的研究。我们关注激活模式的变化、静息状态连接的变化、大脑结构的变化和多巴胺能系统的变化。我们对现有文献的分析表明，目前没有明确的结果模式可以确定训练和转移的特定神经机制。我们的结论是，尽管脑成像为我们提供了关于 WM 训练机制的信息，但仍需要更多的研究来了解其神经影响。
