Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Prev Med. 2012 Aug;55(2):108-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.05.019. Epub 2012 Jun 7.
To examine whether modes of commuting to school at baseline and changes in commuting were related to 6-year changes in cardiorespiratory fitness in youth.
A total of 262 (142 girls) Swedish children (9 years at entry) were measured at baseline (1998/9) and follow-up (2004/5). Mode of commuting to school was assessed by questionnaire and fitness by a maximal bicycle test.
At baseline, 34% of children used passive modes of commuting (e.g., car, motorcycle, bus, train), 54% walked, and 12% bicycled to school. Six years later the percentage of bicyclists increased 19% and the percentage of walkers decreased 19%. On average, children who bicycled to school increased their fitness 13% (p=0.03) more than those who used passive modes and 20% (p=0.002) more than those who walked. Children who used passive modes or walked at baseline and bicycled to school at 6 years later increased their fitness 14% (p=0.001) more than those who remained using passive modes or walking at follow-up.
Implementing initiatives that encourage bicycling to school may be a useful strategy to increase cardiorespiratory fitness of children.
研究儿童入读时的上学交通方式和交通方式变化是否与 6 年内心肺功能适应性变化有关。
共有 262 名（142 名女生）瑞典儿童（入读时 9 岁）在基线（1998/9）和随访（2004/5）时接受了测量。上学交通方式通过问卷调查进行评估，而体能则通过最大自行车测试进行评估。
入读时，34%的儿童采用被动交通方式（如汽车、摩托车、公共汽车、火车）上学，54%的儿童步行上学，12%的儿童骑自行车上学。六年后，骑自行车上学的比例增加了 19%，步行上学的比例下降了 19%。平均而言，骑自行车上学的儿童比采用被动交通方式上学的儿童多增加 13%（p=0.03）的体能，比步行上学的儿童多增加 20%（p=0.002）的体能。入读时采用被动交通方式或步行，而在 6 年后改为骑自行车上学的儿童，比在随访时仍采用被动交通方式或步行的儿童多增加 14%（p=0.001）的体能。
实施鼓励骑自行车上学的举措可能是提高儿童心肺功能适应性的有效策略。
