Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2012 Oct;119(10):1213-21. doi: 10.1007/s00702-012-0843-6. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
According to the Seligman theory of learned helplessness, depression is caused by a repetitive experience of loss of control resulting in internal, stable and global attributional styles for negative events. In depressed patients and healthy controls experiencing such events, an increased amplitude of the post-imperative negative variation (PINV) has been described. The aim of the study was to investigate a possible correlation between migraine, depression, learned helplessness and PINV. 24 patients suffering from migraine without aura and 24 healthy controls were exposed to a situation of loss of control whilst the contingent negative variation (CNV) from C3, C4 and Cz were recorded. Before conducting the experiment, the subjects were asked to answer the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the German attributional style questionnaire (GASQ). Amplitudes of total CNV, early and late component and PINV were calculated in eight blocks of four recordings each. The results confirm findings of a pronounced PINV in situations of loss of control, though high amplitudes were not correlated with low values in the GASQ and therefore with learned helplessness. High PINV in migraine patients correlated with high scores in the BDI and the list of the complaints questionnaire. However, this was not the case in healthy controls. In this experimental situation, PINV in migraine patients can be interpreted as an expectancy potential in order to avoid failure and helplessness.
根据塞利格曼习得性无助理论，抑郁是由反复经历失去控制导致的内部、稳定和全局归因方式对负面事件引起的。在经历此类事件的抑郁患者和健康对照组中，已经描述了后命令负变（PINV）的振幅增加。本研究旨在调查偏头痛、抑郁、习得性无助和 PINV 之间是否存在相关性。 24 名无先兆偏头痛患者和 24 名健康对照组在失去控制的情况下暴露于一种情况，同时记录 C3、C4 和 Cz 的条件性负变（CNV）。在进行实验之前，要求受试者回答贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和德国归因风格问卷（GASQ）。在八个记录块的每个块中计算总 CNV、早期和晚期成分和 PINV 的幅度。结果证实了在失去控制的情况下明显的 PINV 发现，尽管高振幅与 GASQ 中的低值无关，因此与习得性无助无关。偏头痛患者的高 PINV 与 BDI 和投诉清单的高分相关。然而，在健康对照组中并非如此。在这种实验情况下，偏头痛患者的 PINV 可以被解释为一种预期潜力，以避免失败和无助。
