Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, 229 Jessie Harris Building, 1215 West Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Apr;9(4):1368-78. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9041368. Epub 2012 Apr 16.
Increasing fruits and vegetables (FVs), a dietary recommendation for pediatric weight management, is theorized to reduce energy intake by reducing intake of more energy-dense foods, such as snack foods (SFs). This study examined the relationship between changes in FV, SF, and energy intake in children enrolled in a 6-month, family-based behavioral pediatric weight management trial. Secondary data analyses examined dietary intake in 80 overweight (≥ 85th to <95th percentile for body mass index [BMI]) and obese (≥ 95th percentile for BMI) children (7.2 ± 1.7 years) with complete dietary records at 0 and 6 months. Participants were randomized to one of three treatment conditions: (1) increased growth monitoring with feedback; (2) decrease SFs and sugar sweetened beverages; or (3) increase FVs and low-fat dairy. With treatment condition controlled in all analyses, FV intake significantly increased, while SF and energy intake decreased, but not significantly, from 0 to 6 months. Change in FV intake was not significantly associated with change in SF consumption. Additionally, change in FV intake was not significantly related to change in energy intake. However, reduction in SF intake was significantly related to reduction in energy intake. Changing only FVs, as compared to changing other dietary behaviors, during a pediatric obesity intervention may not assist with reducing energy intake.
增加水果和蔬菜（FV）的摄入量是儿科体重管理的饮食建议，其理论依据是减少能量密度更高的食物（如零食）的摄入量，从而降低能量摄入。本研究在一项为期 6 个月的家庭为基础的行为儿科体重管理试验中，调查了 FV、SF 和能量摄入变化之间的关系。对 80 名超重（体重指数 [BMI] 第 85 至 95 百分位）和肥胖（BMI 第 95 百分位以上）儿童（7.2 ± 1.7 岁）的饮食摄入进行了二次数据分析，这些儿童在 0 个月和 6 个月时均有完整的饮食记录。参与者被随机分配到以下三种治疗条件之一：（1）增加生长监测和反馈；（2）减少 SF 和含糖饮料；或（3）增加 FV 和低脂乳制品。在所有分析中，均控制了治疗条件，结果发现，从 0 个月到 6 个月，FV 的摄入量显著增加，而 SF 和能量的摄入量虽有下降但无统计学意义。FV 摄入量的变化与 SF 消费的变化没有显著相关性。此外，FV 摄入量的变化与能量摄入的变化也没有显著相关性。然而，SF 摄入量的减少与能量摄入的减少显著相关。与改变其他饮食行为相比，在儿科肥胖干预期间仅改变 FV 的摄入量可能无助于减少能量摄入。
