Moy Foongming, Rahman Suriaha
Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Malays J Nutr. 2002 Mar;8(1):63-73. Epub 2002 Mar 15.
A cross sectional study on Type 2 diabetes patients seeking treatment in the Primary Health Care outpatient clinic of the University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur was undertaken. Two hundred and thirty-three subjects participated. They were asked questions on biodata and dietary intake using face-to-face interview techniques. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour dietary recall. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height were taken and Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed to establish the extent of obesity. Of the 196 subjects, 66.8% were overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) with 15.8% obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). The mean BMI of males and females were 25.9±4.3 kg/m2 and 27.2±4.7 kg/m2 respectively. The findings from the dietary survey showed that the mean energy intake of the subjects only achieved about 72% of the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for Malaysia while protein intake of all subjects was adequate. The macronutreint contribution to the total calorie was consistent with the recommendation of the Malaysian Diabetic Association for a healthy diet for diabetes patients. The male subjects were found to meet the RDA requirements for all nutrients while the female subjects did not have sufficient intake of calcium, vitamin A and niacin. No consistent pattern in energy and nutrient intake was observed among different age groups. On the other hand, the Malay subjects seemed to have lower energy and all nutrient intake (except vitamin A and vitamin C) compared to the Chinese and Indian subjects. The Indian subjects seemed to have the highest intake of calcium compared to the others. Advice needs to be given to those who did not have adequate nutrient intake as well as those who need to reduce their weight.
在吉隆坡马来亚大学医学中心初级卫生保健门诊寻求治疗的2型糖尿病患者中开展了一项横断面研究。233名受试者参与其中。采用面对面访谈技术询问他们的生物数据和饮食摄入情况。饮食摄入通过24小时饮食回顾进行评估。测量了体重和身高在内的人体测量指标，并计算了体重指数（BMI）以确定肥胖程度。在196名受试者中，66.8%超重（BMI≥25kg/m²），15.8%肥胖（BMI≥30kg/m²）。男性和女性的平均BMI分别为25.9±4.3kg/m²和27.2±4.7kg/m²。饮食调查结果显示，受试者的平均能量摄入量仅达到马来西亚推荐每日摄入量（RDA）的约72%，而所有受试者的蛋白质摄入量充足。宏量营养素对总热量的贡献与马来西亚糖尿病协会对糖尿病患者健康饮食的建议一致。发现男性受试者满足所有营养素的RDA要求，而女性受试者钙、维生素A和烟酸的摄入量不足。不同年龄组在能量和营养素摄入方面未观察到一致模式。另一方面，与华族和印族受试者相比，马来族受试者的能量和所有营养素摄入量（维生素A和维生素C除外）似乎较低。与其他族裔相比，印族受试者的钙摄入量似乎最高。需要向那些营养素摄入不足以及需要减重的人提供建议。
