Evoked Potentials Laboratory, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2013 Nov;34(11):2882-98. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22109. Epub 2012 Jun 13.
This study determined the effects of phonology and semantics on the distribution of cortical activity to the second of a pair of words in first and second language (mixed pairs). The effects of relative proficiency in the two languages and linguistic setting (monolinguistic or mixed) are reported in a companion paper. Ten early bilinguals and 14 late bilinguals listened to mixed pairs of words in Arabic (L1) and Hebrew (L2) and indicated whether both words in the pair had the same or different meanings. The spatio-temporal distribution of current densities of event-related potentials were estimated for each language and according to semantic and phonologic relationship (same or different) compared with the first word in the pair. During early processing (<300 ms), brain activity in temporal and temporoparietal auditory areas was enhanced by phonologic incongruence between words in the pair and in Wernicke's area by both phonologic and semantic priming. In contrast, brain activities during late processing (>300 ms) were enhanced by semantic incongruence between the two words, particularly in temporal areas and in left hemisphere Broca's and Wernicke's areas. The latter differences were greater when words were in L2. Surprisingly, no significant effects of relative proficiency on processing the second word in the pair were found. These results indicate that the distribution of brain activity to the second of two words presented bilingually is affected differently during early and late processing by both semantic and phonologic priming by- and incongruence with the immediately preceding word.
本研究旨在确定音韵和语义对双语者（混合双语者）第二对词的大脑皮质活动分布的影响。在一篇相关论文中报告了两种语言的相对熟练度和语言环境（单一语言或混合语言）的影响。10 名早期双语者和 14 名晚期双语者聆听了阿拉伯语（L1）和希伯来语（L2）混合词对，并判断该词对中的两个词是否具有相同或不同的含义。与词对中的第一个词相比，根据语义和音韵关系（相同或不同），对事件相关电位的电流密度的时空分布进行了估计。在早期处理（<300ms）期间，词对中单词之间的音韵不一致增强了颞区和颞顶叶听觉区域的大脑活动，而音韵和语义启动则增强了韦尼克区的大脑活动。相比之下，在晚期处理（>300ms）期间，两个词之间的语义不一致增强了大脑活动，特别是在颞区和左半球布罗卡区和韦尼克区。当单词处于 L2 时，后者的差异更大。令人惊讶的是，未发现相对熟练度对处理词对中第二个词的影响存在显著差异。这些结果表明，在早期和晚期处理中，两个词呈现的双语大脑皮质活动分布受立即前一个词的语义和音韵启动以及不一致性的影响不同。
