Vathanophas K, Sangchai R, Raktham S, Pariyanonda A, Thangsuvan J, Bunyaratabhandu P, Athipanyakom S, Suwanjutha S, Jayanetra P, Wasi C
Faculty of Public Health, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Rev Infect Dis. 1990 Nov-Dec;12 Suppl 8:S957-65. doi: 10.1093/clinids/12.supplement_8.s957.
A 2-year longitudinal study was conducted among the population of a socioeconomically depressed urban community in Bangkok, Thailand, from January 1986 through December 1987 to determine the incidence, etiologic agents, and risk factors associated with acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) in children less than 5 years of age. Data were obtained for a total of 674 children, who were visited twice weekly for detection of signs and symptoms of ARI. During the first year of the study, throat-swab specimens were obtained for bacterial culture from both ill and healthy children and a nasal wash was performed on mildly ill children for detection of virus. During both years of the study, nasopharyngeal aspiration for identification of virus was performed for children with more severe infection. The overall incidence of ARI was 11.2 episodes per child-year. The highest (14.9) and lowest (8.8) rates per child-year occurred in age groups 6-11 months and 48-59 months, respectively. Respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae were the prevalent pathogenic agents identified. Factors associated with higher risk of ARI were low family income, working mothers, mothers with allergies, chronic malnutrition, and crowding in the home.
1986年1月至1987年12月期间，在泰国曼谷一个社会经济状况较差的城市社区人群中开展了一项为期两年的纵向研究，以确定5岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染（ARI）的发病率、病原体及危险因素。共收集了674名儿童的数据，每周对他们进行两次访视，以检测ARI的体征和症状。在研究的第一年，从患病和健康儿童中采集咽拭子标本进行细菌培养，并对轻症儿童进行鼻腔冲洗以检测病毒。在研究的两年中，对感染较严重的儿童进行鼻咽抽吸以鉴定病毒。ARI的总体发病率为每名儿童每年11.2次发作。每名儿童每年发病率最高（14.9次）和最低（8.8次）的年龄组分别为6至11个月和48至59个月。已确定呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒、肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血杆菌为主要病原体。与ARI高风险相关的因素包括家庭收入低、母亲有工作、母亲有过敏史、慢性营养不良以及家庭拥挤。
