University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Nov 9;160(1-2):214-21. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.05.033. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
The normal gastrointestinal flora of poultry includes Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis is also associated with first week mortality of chickens, but it is not clear whether this is due to vertical or horizontal transmission. Aims of the present study were to investigate transmission and genetic diversity of E. faecalis during hatching of broiler chicks. When hatching started, 15% of the chicks were colonized with E. faecalis. This colonization was interpreted as vertical transmission and was higher than previously reported. Transmission of E. faecalis from parents older than 42 weeks was five times greater than transmission of E. faecalis from younger parents. Seventy percent of broiler chicks were colonized with E. faecalis within 24 h after hatch started, which was interpreted as horizontal transmission. Twenty-one sequence types (STs) were demonstrated among 322 isolates of E. faecalis obtained from newly hatched chicks representing 11 different broiler parent flocks. Furthermore, three STs (ST59, ST82, ST174) made up 50.6% of the isolates, indicating that these STs have adapted successfully to the avian niche. All STs, except those novel to this study, have previously been associated with lesions in poultry, underlining the importance of controlling these particular STs.
家禽的正常胃肠道菌群包括粪肠球菌。粪肠球菌也与鸡的第一周死亡率有关，但尚不清楚这是垂直传播还是水平传播的结果。本研究的目的是调查肉鸡孵化过程中粪肠球菌的传播和遗传多样性。当孵化开始时，15%的雏鸡定植了粪肠球菌。这种定植被解释为垂直传播，高于之前的报道。42 周以上的父母传播粪肠球菌的频率是年轻父母的五倍。70%的肉鸡在孵化开始后 24 小时内定植了粪肠球菌，这被解释为水平传播。从代表 11 个不同肉鸡父母群的刚孵化的雏鸡中获得的 322 株粪肠球菌分离株中，证明了 21 种序列型（ST）。此外，3 种 ST（ST59、ST82、ST174）占分离株的 50.6%，表明这些 ST 已成功适应禽类环境。除了本研究中发现的新型 ST 外，所有 ST 之前都与禽类病变有关，这突显了控制这些特定 ST 的重要性。
