Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Eur J Neurosci. 2012 Jun;35(12):1818-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08160.x.
Very often, developmental abnormalities or subtle disturbances of neuronal function may yield brain diseases even if they become obvious only late in life. It is therefore our intention to highlight fundamental mechanisms of neuronal cell biology with a special emphasis on dendritic mRNA localization including local protein synthesis at the activated synapse. Furthermore, we would like to point out possible links to neuronal or synaptic dysfunction. In particular, we will focus on a series of well-known RNA-binding proteins that are involved in these processes and outline how their dysfunction might yield neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric disorders. We are convinced that increasing our understanding of RNA biology in general and the mechanisms underlying mRNA transport and subsequent translation at the synapse will ultimately generate important novel RNA-based tools in the near future that will allow us to hopefully treat some of these devastating diseases.
通常情况下，即使在生命后期才变得明显，发育异常或神经元功能的细微障碍也可能导致脑部疾病。因此，我们的目的是强调神经元细胞生物学的基本机制，特别强调树突 mRNA 定位，包括激活突触处的局部蛋白质合成。此外，我们还想指出可能与神经元或突触功能障碍有关的问题。特别是，我们将集中讨论一系列涉及这些过程的众所周知的 RNA 结合蛋白，并概述其功能障碍如何导致神经发育、神经退行性或神经精神疾病。我们相信，对 RNA 生物学的普遍理解以及在突触处 mRNA 运输和随后翻译的机制的深入了解，将在不久的将来产生重要的新的基于 RNA 的工具，使我们有望治疗其中一些破坏性疾病。
