Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012 Jun 21;9:77. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-77.
This study identified lifestyle patterns by examining the clustering of eating routines (e.g. eating together as a family, having the television on during meals, duration of meals) and various activity-related behaviors (i.e. physical activity (PA) and sedentary screen-based behavior) in 5-year-old children, as well as the longitudinal association of these patterns with weight status (BMI and overweight) development up to age 8.
Data originated from the KOALA Birth Cohort Study (N = 2074 at age 5). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify lifestyle patterns. Backward regression analyses were used to examine the association of lifestyle patterns with parent and child background characteristics, as well as the longitudinal associations between the patterns and weight status development.
Four lifestyle patterns emerged from the PCA: a 'Television-Snacking' pattern, a 'Sports-Computer' pattern, a 'Traditional Family' pattern, and a "Fast' Food' pattern. Child gender and parental educational level, working hours and body mass index were significantly associated with the scores for the patterns. The Television-Snacking pattern was positively associated with BMI (standardized regression coefficient β = 0.05; p < 0.05), and children with this pattern showed a positive tendency toward being overweight at age 8 (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, p = 0.06). In addition, the Sports-Computer pattern was significantly positively associated with an increased risk of becoming overweight at age 7 (OR = 1.28, p < 0.05).
The current study showed the added value of including eating routines in cross-behavioral clustering analyses. The findings indicate that future interventions to prevent childhood overweight should address eating routines and activity/inactivity simultaneously, using the synergy between clustered behaviors (e.g. between television viewing and snacking).
本研究通过检查 5 岁儿童的饮食习惯（例如一起用餐、用餐时开电视、用餐时间长短）和各种与活动相关的行为（即体力活动和久坐不动的屏幕行为）的聚类，确定了生活方式模式，以及这些模式与体重状况（BMI 和超重）发展到 8 岁的纵向关联。
数据来自 KOALA 出生队列研究（N = 2074 名 5 岁儿童）。主成分分析（PCA）用于识别生活方式模式。回归分析用于研究生活方式模式与父母和儿童背景特征的关联，以及模式与体重状况发展之间的纵向关联。
PCA 得出了四种生活方式模式：“电视-零食”模式、“运动-电脑”模式、“传统家庭”模式和“快餐”模式。儿童性别和父母教育水平、工作时间和体重指数与模式得分显著相关。“电视-零食”模式与 BMI 呈正相关（标准化回归系数β=0.05；p < 0.05），具有这种模式的儿童在 8 岁时超重的趋势呈正相关（优势比（OR）=1.27，p = 0.06）。此外，“运动-电脑”模式与 7 岁时超重的风险显著正相关（OR = 1.28，p < 0.05）。
本研究表明，在跨行为聚类分析中纳入饮食习惯具有附加价值。研究结果表明，未来预防儿童超重的干预措施应同时解决饮食习惯和活动/不活动问题，利用聚类行为之间的协同作用（例如，看电视和吃零食之间的协同作用）。
