Institute of Surgical Pathology, Department Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2013 Feb;23(1):3-9. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.06.006. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
Renal cell carcinoma is a group of malignancies arising from the epithelium of the renal tubules. The pattern of somatic mutations in kidney tumors has been extensively investigated. In the current 2004 WHO classification, the molecular background of a renal tumor has become, in addition to histopathology, a major criterion for tumor classification. The goal of this review is to discuss morphology and genetics of adult renal epithelial cancer included in the 2004 WHO classification and to mention renal tumor types, which are not considered in the current WHO classification. Further, pathologic considerations with clinical and prognostic implications are provided.
肾细胞癌是一组起源于肾小管上皮的恶性肿瘤。肾肿瘤的体细胞突变模式已得到广泛研究。在当前的 2004 年世界卫生组织（WHO）分类中，肿瘤的分子背景除了组织病理学外，已成为肿瘤分类的主要标准。本篇综述的目的是讨论 2004 年 WHO 分类中包含的成人肾上皮癌的形态学和遗传学，并提及当前 WHO 分类中未考虑的肾肿瘤类型。此外，还提供了具有临床和预后意义的病理考虑。
