Millán Adame E, Florea D, Sáez Pérez L, Molina López J, López-González B, Pérez de la Cruz A, Planells del Pozo E
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia. Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos “José Mataix”.Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
Nutr Hosp. 2012 Mar-Apr;27(2):524-8. doi: 10.1590/S0212-16112012000200026.
Selenium is an essential micronutrient for human health, being a cofactor for enzymes with antioxidant activity that protect the organism from oxidative damage. An inadequate intake of this mineral has been associated with the onset and progression of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary diseases, asthma, and cancer. For this reason, knowledge of the plasma and erythrocyte selenium levels of a population makes a relevant contribution to assessment of its nutritional status.
The objective of the present study was to determine the nutritional status of selenium and risk of selenium deficiency in a healthy adult population in Spain by examining food and nutrient intake and analyzing biochemical parameters related to selenium metabolism, including plasma and erythrocyte levels and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymatic activity.
We studied 84 healthy adults (31 males and 53 females) from the province of Granada, determining their plasma and erythrocyte selenium concentrations and the association of these levels with the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and with life style factors. We also gathered data on their food and nutrient intake and the results of biochemical analyses. Correlations were studied among all of these variables.
The mean plasma selenium concentration was 76.6 ± 17.3 μg/L (87.3 ± 17.4 μg/L in males, 67.3 ± 10.7 μg/L in females), whereas the mean erythrocyte selenium concentration was 104.6 μg/L (107.9 ± 26.1 μg/L in males and 101.7 ± 21.7 μg/L in females). The nutritional status of selenium was defined by the plasma concentration required to reach maximum GPx activity, establishing 90 μg/L as reference value. According to this criterion, 50% of the men and 53% of the women were selenium deficient.
Selenium is subjected to multiple regulation mechanisms. Erythrocyte selenium is a good marker of longer term selenium status, while plasma selenium appears to be a marker of short-term nutritional status. The present findings indicate a positive correlation between plasma selenium concentration and the practice of physical activity. Bioavailability studies are required to establish appropriate reference levels of this mineral for the Spanish population.
硒是人体健康必需的微量营养素，是具有抗氧化活性的酶的辅助因子，可保护机体免受氧化损伤。这种矿物质摄入不足与高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、哮喘和癌症等慢性疾病的发生和发展有关。因此，了解人群的血浆和红细胞硒水平对评估其营养状况具有重要意义。
本研究的目的是通过检查食物和营养素摄入量以及分析与硒代谢相关的生化参数，包括血浆和红细胞水平以及硒依赖性谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的酶活性，来确定西班牙健康成年人群的硒营养状况和硒缺乏风险。
我们研究了来自格拉纳达省的84名健康成年人（31名男性和53名女性），测定了他们的血浆和红细胞硒浓度，以及这些水平与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的酶活性和生活方式因素之间的关联。我们还收集了他们的食物和营养素摄入量数据以及生化分析结果。研究了所有这些变量之间的相关性。
血浆硒平均浓度为76.6±17.3μg/L（男性为87.3±17.4μg/L，女性为67.3±10.7μg/L），而红细胞硒平均浓度为104.6μg/L（男性为107.9±26.1μg/L，女性为101.7±21.7μg/L）。硒的营养状况由达到最大GPx活性所需的血浆浓度定义，将90μg/L作为参考值。根据这一标准，50%的男性和53%的女性存在硒缺乏。
硒受到多种调节机制的影响。红细胞硒是长期硒状态的良好指标，而血浆硒似乎是短期营养状况的指标。目前的研究结果表明血浆硒浓度与体育锻炼之间存在正相关。需要进行生物利用度研究，以确定该矿物质对西班牙人群的适当参考水平。
