Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Utah State University, 9815 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2012 Jul;70(7):387-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00487.x. Epub 2012 May 22.
The reduction of subclinical inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism to explain the favorable association between whole-grain consumption and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. This review examines evidence for the effects of whole-grain consumption on markers of subclinical inflammation derived from 13 epidemiological and 5 interventional studies retrieved from a search of the PubMed database. Epidemiological studies provide reasonable support for an association between diets high in whole grains and lower C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. After adjusting for other dietary factors, each serving of whole grains is estimated to reduce CRP concentrations by approximately 7%. In contrast to epidemiological studies, interventional studies do not demonstrate a clear effect of increased whole-grain consumption on CRP or other markers of inflammation. Issues related to insufficient length of intervention, extent of dietary control, population selection, types of whole grains, and lack of a direct anti-inflammatory effect may underlie these discrepant findings. Additional carefully controlled interventional studies are needed to clarify the effects of whole grains on subclinical inflammation.
亚临床炎症的减少被认为是解释全谷物消费与降低心血管疾病、糖尿病和某些癌症风险之间有利关联的潜在机制。本综述考察了来自 PubMed 数据库搜索的 13 项流行病学研究和 5 项干预研究中关于全谷物消费对亚临床炎症标志物影响的证据。流行病学研究为高谷物饮食与较低的 C 反应蛋白（CRP）浓度之间的关联提供了合理的支持。在调整其他饮食因素后，每摄入一份全谷物估计可使 CRP 浓度降低约 7%。与流行病学研究不同，干预研究并未显示增加全谷物消费对 CRP 或其他炎症标志物的影响。干预时间不足、饮食控制程度、人群选择、全谷物类型以及缺乏直接抗炎作用等问题可能是这些不一致发现的原因。需要进行更多精心控制的干预研究，以阐明全谷物对亚临床炎症的影响。
