University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2012 Jul-Aug;41(4):1107-14. doi: 10.2134/jeq2011.0123.
Amending soils with biochar can have multiple environmental benefits, including improvement in soil physicochemical properties, carbon sequestration, reduction in leaching losses of essential nutrients, and reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study was conducted to determine the effect of enriched biochar amendments on leaching losses of essential nutrients and GHG emissions from soil. The enriched biochar was prepared by shaking biochar with dairy manure effluent for 24 h, which increased the C and N concentration of biochar by 9.3 and 8.3%, respectively. Incubation and leaching experiments were conducted for 8 wk with three treatments: soil, soil + 1% biochar, and soil + 1% enriched biochar. Amendment with biochar and enriched biochar relative to unamended soil resulted in 68 and 75% reduction in net nitrification, 221 and 229% reduction in net ammonification, 67 and 68% reduction in cumulative CO flux, respectively, and 26% reduction in cumulative NO flux for both biochar treatments. There were no significant differences among treatments in total leaching losses of C, N, and base cations. Our findings suggest that enrichment of biochar with dairy manure effluent can promote C and N storage in soil and provide additional environmental benefits.
用生物炭改良土壤具有多种环境效益，包括改善土壤理化性质、碳固存、减少必需养分的淋溶损失以及减少温室气体（GHG）排放。本研究旨在确定富含有机质生物炭改良剂对土壤中必需养分淋溶损失和 GHG 排放的影响。富含有机质生物炭是通过将生物炭与奶牛粪肥废水混合 24 小时制备的，这分别增加了生物炭的 C 和 N 浓度 9.3%和 8.3%。进行了 8 周的孵化和淋溶实验，有三种处理：土壤、土壤+1%生物炭和土壤+1%富含有机质生物炭。与未处理的土壤相比，生物炭和富含有机质生物炭的添加分别导致净硝化作用减少 68%和 75%、净氨化作用减少 221%和 229%、累积 CO 通量减少 67%和 68%，两种生物炭处理的累积 NO 通量减少 26%。在 C、N 和碱基阳离子的总淋溶损失方面，处理之间没有显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，用奶牛粪肥废水富化生物炭可以促进土壤中 C 和 N 的储存，并提供额外的环境效益。
