Boyle Patricia A, Yu Lei, Buchman Aron S, Bennett David A
Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL, USA.
Front Psychol. 2012 Jun 28;3:205. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00205. eCollection 2012.
Risk aversion is associated with many important decisions among younger and middle aged persons, but the association of risk aversion with decision making has not been well studied among older persons who face some of the most significant decisions of their lives.
Using data from 606 community-dwelling older persons without dementia from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, an ongoing longitudinal epidemiologic study of aging, we examined the association of risk aversion with decision making. Risk aversion was measured using standard behavioral economics questions in which participants were asked to choose between a certain monetary payment ($15) versus a gamble in which they could gain more than $15 or gain nothing; potential gamble gains ranged from $20 to $300 with the gain amounts varied randomly over questions. Decision making was measured using a 12 item version of the Decision Making Competence Assessment Tool.
In a linear regression model adjusted for age, sex, education, and income, greater risk aversion was associated with poorer decision making [estimate = -1.03, standard error (SE) = 0.35, p = 0.003]. Subsequent analyses showed that the association of risk aversion with decision making persisted after adjustment for global cognitive function as well as executive and non-executive cognitive abilities.
Similar to findings from studies of younger persons, risk aversion is associated with poorer decision making among older persons who face a myriad of complex and influential decisions.
风险规避与年轻人和中年人的许多重要决策相关，但在面临人生中一些最重要决策的老年人中，风险规避与决策制定之间的关联尚未得到充分研究。
利用来自拉什记忆与衰老项目的606名无痴呆的社区居住老年人的数据，这是一项正在进行的关于衰老的纵向流行病学研究，我们研究了风险规避与决策制定之间的关联。风险规避通过标准行为经济学问题进行测量，即要求参与者在一定金额的付款（15美元）与一种赌博之间进行选择，在赌博中他们可能获得超过15美元或一无所获；潜在赌博收益从20美元到300美元不等，收益金额在不同问题中随机变化。决策制定通过决策能力评估工具的12项版本进行测量。
在调整了年龄、性别、教育程度和收入的线性回归模型中，更高的风险规避与更差的决策制定相关[估计值=-1.03，标准误（SE）=0.35，p=0.003]。后续分析表明，在调整了整体认知功能以及执行和非执行认知能力后，风险规避与决策制定之间的关联仍然存在。
与对年轻人的研究结果相似，风险规避与面临众多复杂且有影响力决策的老年人中较差的决策制定相关。
