Factors Associated With Healthcare and Financial Decision Making Among Older Black Adults Without Dementia.

OBJECTIVES

The study aims to identify factors associated with health care and financial decision-making among older Black adults without dementia.

METHODS

Participants ( = 326) underwent assessments of decision-making and completed measurements of factors from four categories: cognitive, contextual, psychosocial, and personality. We performed separate linear regression models to examine the association between each factor and decision-making and created a fully adjusted model.

RESULTS

Higher global cognition (estimate = 1.92, SE = 0.21,  < .0001) was associated with better decision-making. Contextual factors including higher current annual income (estimate = 0.23, SE = 0.05,  < .0001), higher childhood socioeconomic status (estimate = 0.48, SE = 0.18,  = .006), higher health and financial literacy (estimate = 0.08, SE = 0.01,  < .0001), and lower financial stress (estimate = -0.19, SE = 0.07,  = .01) were associated with better decision-making. More psychological well-being (estimate = 0.07, SE = 0.22,  = .001), a psychosocial factor, and less neuroticism (estimate = -0.06, SE = 0.02,  = .002), a personality factor, were associated with better decision-making. In the fully adjusted model, two factors, higher global cognition and higher literacy (health and financial), remained associated with better decision-making.

CONCLUSIONS

Cognitive and contextual factors serve as drivers of decision-making among older Black adults.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Clinicians may implement strategies to bolster cognition and improve health and financial literacy to facilitate optimal decision-making among older Black adults.